Youth are less likely to use addictive substances if their parents talk early and often about the risks, establish clear rules and consequences, and regularly monitor their activities. Active involvement and support of caring adults are both critical in the prevention of youth substance abuse. Tips for how to start the conversation, integrate positive communication, and respond to children at every age are provided in this publication.

Numerous youth issues are highlighted in this single publication. Each topic area includes a list of current references and resources specifically focusing on the particular youth issue. Included are websites, NDSU Extension publications and programs, brochures, lesson guides, fact sheets, videos and more. Each reference and resource is followed by a short description.

Every child is at risk of choking: Older infants and children less than 5 years old easily can choke on food, toys and household objects. A single choking incident may result in death, permanent brain damage due to lack of oxygen and other complications associated with airway blockage. This publication provides tips on choking prevention.

This publication helps parents and other adults find ways to support children through age-appropriate information, understanding and reassurance during pandemics.

Children may experience strong emotions when faced with mass violence or terrorist acts either on television or in the news. This publication helps parents and adults find ways to support children through kindness, understanding and reassurance.

The widespread use of cell phones by teenagers raises the concern of the negative effects it could have on their performance in school. However, teachers can work with their students to incorporate effective cell phone use into the classroom. When used appropriately, cell phones can enhance class participation and allow students to access current information.

Digital devices play an important role in the daily lives of teens. While they do offer many benefits, they can also expose teens to cyberbullying and other harmful effects that can be detrimental to a teen's health and overall development. Parents should be actively involved in their teens' lives and educate themselves about digital devices and social media so they can provide adequate support.

Rates of e-cigarette use among teens are increasing at an alarming rate. Many teens are unaware of the physical and psychological risks that are associated with vaping. Additionally, adults are unaware of the overall prevalence of vaping among youth. It is important that they are informed of what vaping is, what the effects are, and how to recognize the signs to lessen the use of vapes.

Mental disorders are prevalent among today's youth. However, an increasing number of disorders are left unnoticed or untreated. Many adults are unaware of the growing numbers, warning signs, and risk factors associated with youth mental disorders. It is important for caring adults to know how to recognize these warning signs in order to intervene effectively and promote positive mental health for youth in our schools and communities.