CARROT HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL
W. Albus, L. Besemann and H. Eslinger
In
MATERIALS AND METHODS
|
Soil: |
Maddock sandy loam and Embden loam;
pH=6.6; 2.7% organic matter; soil-P, soil-K
and soil-S were very high. |
|
Previous crop: |
2005 - sweet corn; 2004 -
mustard and field corn; 2003 - pepper, tomato and onion. |
|
Seedbed Preparation: |
Fall disk. Multiweed (field cultivate) on April 12 to incorporate
fertilizer. Chisel plow on April
17. Multiweed
(field cultivate) three times; once on April 25 to level seed bed and twice
on May 5 to incorporate herbicide. |
|
Planting: |
Direct seeded raw carrot seeds on May 5 with a Monosem precision planter. Carrot planting pattern was 2 lines per row
(2.5 inches between lines in a row) for the processing and dicing carrots and
3 lines per row (2 inches between lines in the row) for all other carrots
with all rows on 16-inch centers. Planting rate was about
330,000 seeds/acre for dicing, 500,000 seeds/acre for jumbo, 800,000
seeds/acre for cello and 1.2 million seeds/acre for cut and peel carrots. |
|
Plots: |
Plots were 17 ft long by three feet wide (two rows plus
the wheel track). The study had 4 reps. |
|
Fertilizer: |
On April 10, broadcast 20 lbs N/acre, 45 lbs P2O5/acre,
51 lbs K2O/acre and 13 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, 11-52-0 and
0-0-60 and on April 12 applied 50 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0. Stream-bar 30 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on June
7 and June 21. |
|
Irrigation: |
Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
|
control: |
Weed control Treflan preplant incorporated (1.5 pt/acre on May 4), Lorox (1
lb/acre on May 5 and 2 lbs/acre on June 16) and by hand weeding. Sprayed Sevin XLR (1 qt/acre on June 23, June 29, July 14, July
21 and August 3) and Baythroid (2 oz/acre on August
15 and August 22) to control leafhopper. |
|
Harvest: |
The carrots were all harvested once: cut and peel on July
14, cello on August 28 and August 31, jumbo on October 23 and October 24 and
dicing on October 26 and October 27.
The harvest area was two rows wide by six feet long for all carrots. |
For
cut and peel carrots
the highest yield of # 1 carrots of the
jumbo carrots. Nervi
had the highest yield of the dicing carrots.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid
performance trial.
Table 10.
US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation
Research Site 2006 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial. |
||||||||||||||
|
|
|
US #1 carrots |
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
Seed |
yield (by root diameter) |
% of total |
Root |
Total |
Total |
||||||||
|
Hybrid |
Source1 |
>13/16 |
¾-13/16 |
5/8-3/4 |
3/8-5/8 |
total |
yield |
size |
yield |
roots |
||||
|
|
|
---------------------------------- tons
per acre --------------------------------------- |
% |
oz/root |
tons/acre |
1000’s/A |
||||||||
|
|
BE |
2.5 |
4.8 |
2.9 |
0.4 |
10.5 |
75 |
1.1 |
14.0 |
479.2 |
||||
|
Nervi |
BE |
3.0 |
4.6 |
2.0 |
0.2 |
9.7 |
76 |
1.2 |
12.8 |
456.1 |
||||
|
|
BE |
1.1 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
0.9 |
6.9 |
69 |
0.8 |
9.9 |
492.5 |
||||
|
Rainbow |
BE |
2.0 |
4.7 |
2.6 |
0.5 |
9.8 |
75 |
1.0 |
13.0 |
460.4 |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
2.1 |
4.1 |
2.5 |
0.5 |
9.2 |
74 |
1.1 |
12.4 |
472.0 |
||||||
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
NS |
1.0 |
NS |
0.2 |
1.5 |
NS |
0.1 |
1.4 |
NS |
||||
|
C.V. (%) |
|
40.1 |
14.9 |
35.3 |
29.2 |
10.5 |
7 |
7.6 |
7.0 |
11.6 |
||||
1See Appendix A for
a list of the seed sources.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid performance
trial.
|
Table 11.
Root characteristics in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2006 cut
and peel carrot hybrid performance trial. |
|||||||||||||||
|
|
Seed |
Multiple |
Average |
Root |
Core |
Cortex |
|
|
|
Overall |
Brix |
||||
|
|
Source1 |
root |
length |
diameter |
diameter |
Color2 |
Core color2 |
ConTrast3 |
Uniformity |
score |
Score4 |
||||
|
|
|
% |
-------------------------
inches ------------------------ |
------- 1 to 4 ------- |
------ 1 to 5
------ |
1 to 10 |
|
||||||||
|
|
BE |
15 |
6.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
6.8 |
7.8 |
||||
|
Nervi |
BE |
15 |
5.8 |
1.1 |
0.6 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
6.8 |
7.5 |
||||
|
|
BE |
14 |
6.3 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
6.3 |
7.8 |
||||
|
Rainbow |
BE |
18 |
5.8 |
1.0 |
0.4 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
7.1 |
7.8 |
||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Experimental mean |
16 |
6.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
6.7 |
7.7 |
|||||
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
NS |
NS |
NS |
1.7 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
||||
|
C.V. (%) |
|
25 |
4.2 |
9.1 |
8.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6.0 |
8.5 |
||||
1See Appendix A for a list of the seed
sources.
2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange;
3=medium orange; 4=dark orange; 5=multicolor; white + yellow + orange.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
4The Brix score is a
measure of soluble solids and is usually related to the amount of sugar in the
carrot – higher is sweeter
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid
performance trial.
|
Table 12. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in
the Oakes Irrigation Research Site cello carrot hybrid performance trial. |
||||||||
|
|
|
US #1 carrots |
|
|
||||
|
|
Seed |
Yield (by root
diameter) |
Root |
Total |
Total |
|||
|
Hybrid |
Source1 |
>1.5 |
1-1.5 |
.75-1 |
total |
size |
yield |
roots |
|
|
|
----------------------------
-tons/acre ---------------------------------- |
oz/root |
tons/A |
1000s/A |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BE |
2.7 |
11.4 |
1.4 |
15.5 |
2.2 |
21.7 |
359.4 |
|
|
BE |
2.0 |
11.6 |
1.7 |
15.4 |
2.4 |
25.8 |
344.9 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
2.1 |
8.0 |
1.7 |
11.8 |
2.3 |
20.3 |
338.8 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
2.8 |
13.3 |
1.5 |
17.6 |
2.5 |
24.4 |
335.2 |
|
|
BE |
0.9 |
7.7 |
2.3 |
10.9 |
1.8 |
16.8 |
334.6 |
|
|
BE |
3.0 |
15.5 |
1.9 |
20.4 |
2.5 |
30.7 |
391.4 |
|
Rainbow |
BE |
2.7 |
12.6 |
1.3 |
16.6 |
2.4 |
23.7 |
327.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Experimental mean |
2.3 |
11.4 |
1.7 |
15.5 |
2.3 |
23.4 |
347.4 |
|
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
NS |
4.0 |
NS |
4.2 |
0.5 |
4.4 |
NS |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
51.9 |
23.6 |
42.9 |
18.5 |
13.3 |
12.8 |
19.3 |
1See Appendix A for
a list of the seed sources.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid
performance trial.
|
Table 13. Root characteristics in the Oakes
Irrigation Research Site 2006 cello carrot hybrid performance trial. |
|||||||||||
|
|
Seed |
Multi |
Ave |
Root |
Core |
Cortex |
Core |
Con- |
Uni- |
Overall |
Brix |
|
Hybrid |
source1 |
root |
length |
dia. |
dia. |
Color2 |
Color2 |
trast3 |
formity |
score |
score4 |
|
|
|
% |
------------- inches ---------------- |
---------1 to 4------ |
-------1 to 5------- |
1
to 10 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BE |
20 |
6.7 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.1 |
7.5 |
|
|
BE |
22 |
7.5 |
1.1 |
0.5 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.4 |
6.9 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
27 |
7.5 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.4 |
6.9 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
17 |
6.7 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.1 |
7.4 |
|
|
BE |
25 |
7.5 |
1.1 |
0.5 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2.6 |
6.0 |
6.9 |
|
|
BE |
15 |
6.7 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.5 |
6.6 |
|
Rainbow |
BE |
22 |
7.1 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
3.4 |
6.8 |
6.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
7.1 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3.0 |
6.3 |
7.0 |
||
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
5 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
0.3 |
NS |
0.6 |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
17 |
9.0 |
7.5 |
11.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7.0 |
5.2 |
6.0 |
1See Appendix A for
a list of the seed sources.
2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange;
3=medium orange; 4=dark orange; 5=multicolor; white + yellow + orange.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
4The Brix score is a measure of soluble solids and is usually related to the amount of sugar in the carrot – higher is sweeter.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid
performance trial.
|
Table 14. US #1 and total carrot yields in the Oakes
Irrigation Research Site 2006 jumbo carrot hybrid performance trial. |
|||||||||
|
|
|
US #1 carrots |
|
|
|||||
|
|
Seed |
yield (by root
diameter) |
% of |
Root |
Total |
Total |
|||
|
Hybrid |
source1 |
>2.5 |
1.5 to 2.5 |
1.0 to 1.5 |
total |
total yield |
size |
yield |
roots |
|
|
|
---------------------------
tons/acre -------------------------- |
% |
oz/root |
tons/acre |
1000s/A |
|||
|
|
BE |
2.5 |
18.9 |
5.0 |
26.5 |
58 |
5.6 |
45.5 |
246.2 |
|
|
BE |
0.3 |
8.6 |
4.6 |
13.6 |
33 |
5.0 |
40.3 |
229.9 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
0.5 |
6.7 |
5.6 |
12.9 |
28 |
4.4 |
45.2 |
280.1 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
0.0 |
15.1 |
7.0 |
22.1 |
52 |
4.8 |
42.8 |
259.6 |
|
|
BE |
0.7 |
7.8 |
6.5 |
15.0 |
39 |
4.0 |
39.4 |
248.7 |
|
|
BE |
0.0 |
8.9 |
4.9 |
13.8 |
28 |
4.8 |
49.5 |
272.9 |
|
Rainbow |
BE |
0.0 |
11.6 |
4.4 |
16.0 |
35 |
5.5 |
46.5 |
223.9 |
|
0.6 |
11.1 |
5.4 |
17.1 |
39 |
4.9 |
44.2 |
251.6 |
||
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
NS |
4.6 |
NS |
5.0 |
11 |
0.7 |
4.8 |
29.7 |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
194.7 |
28.0 |
28.8 |
19.5 |
20 |
9.1 |
7.3 |
7.9 |
1See Appendix A for a list of the
seed sources.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid performance
trial.
|
Table 15. Root characteristics of carrots in the
Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2006 jumbo carrot hybrid performance trial. |
||||||||||
|
|
Seed |
Multiple |
Average |
Root |
Core |
Uni- |
Overall |
Dry |
Dry |
Brix |
|
Hybrid |
source1 |
root |
length |
diameter |
diameter |
formity |
score |
matter |
color2 |
score3 |
|
|
|
% |
--------------- inches
----------------- |
1 to 5 |
1 to 10 |
% |
1 to 5 |
|
||
|
|
BE |
26 |
7.9 |
1.6 |
0.8 |
3.3 |
6.9 |
11.6 |
4.6 |
8.5 |
|
|
BE |
23 |
7.9 |
1.7 |
0.8 |
3.4 |
6.9 |
11.2 |
4.1 |
8.4 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
26 |
7.9 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
3 |
6.5 |
12.0 |
3.6 |
9.0 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
20 |
8.3 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
3.5 |
7.1 |
11.3 |
3.1 |
8.5 |
|
|
BE |
32 |
8.3 |
1.5 |
0.8 |
3.3 |
6.8 |
14.2 |
4.5 |
10.8 |
|
|
BE |
20 |
7.5 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
3.4 |
6.8 |
10.9 |
2.8 |
8.4 |
|
Rainbow |
BE |
35 |
8.7 |
1.6 |
0.7 |
3.4 |
6.8 |
11.7 |
1.8 |
9.0 |
|
26 |
7.9 |
1.6 |
0.7 |
3.3 |
6.8 |
11.9 |
3.5 |
8.9 |
||
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
8 |
2.0 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
1.5 |
0.9 |
1.4 |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
20 |
5.0 |
9.0 |
12.4 |
7.0 |
5.2 |
8.3 |
16.8 |
10.4 |
1See Appendix A for
a list of the seed sources.
2Dry color: 1 is palest orange; 5 is darkest
orange.
3The Brix score is a
measure of soluble solids and is usually related to the amount of sugar in the
carrot – higher is sweeter.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid performance trial.
Table 16. US #1 and total carrot yields in the Oakes
Irrigation Research Site 2006 dicer carrot hybrid performance trial. |
|||||||||
|
|
|
US #1 carrots |
|
|
|||||
|
|
Seed |
yield (by root
diameter) |
% of |
Root |
Total |
Total |
|||
|
Hybrid |
source1 |
>2.5 |
1.5-2.5 |
1-1.5 |
total |
total yield |
size |
yield |
roots |
|
|
|
---------------------------
tons/acre ------------------------- |
% |
oz/root |
tons/acre |
1000s/A |
|||
|
|
BE |
2.0 |
14.8 |
2.3 |
19.2 |
50 |
6.8 |
38.9 |
170.0 |
|
|
BE |
6.2 |
7.1 |
0.3 |
13.5 |
42 |
8.2 |
31.5 |
115.6 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
0.5 |
10.2 |
3.0 |
13.6 |
35 |
5.6 |
39.3 |
200.3 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
0.0 |
15.9 |
4.6 |
20.4 |
52 |
5.9 |
39.0 |
198.4 |
|
|
BE |
0.2 |
10.1 |
1.7 |
12.0 |
33 |
6.0 |
35.3 |
164.0 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Experimental mean |
1.8 |
11.6 |
2.4 |
15.7 |
42 |
6.5 |
36.8 |
169.6 |
|
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
2.2 |
4.5 |
1.4 |
4.9 |
10 |
1.5 |
5.5 |
28.6 |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
81.4 |
24.8 |
38.3 |
20.3 |
16 |
14.8 |
9.6 |
11.0 |
1See Appendix A for
a list of the seed sources.
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid
performance trial.
|
Table 17. Root characteristics of carrots in the
Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2006 dicer carrot hybrid performance trial. |
||||||||
|
|
Seed |
Multiple |
Average |
Root |
Core |
|
Overall |
Brix |
|
Hybrid |
source1 |
root |
length |
diameter |
diameter |
Uniformity |
score |
score2 |
|
|
|
% |
-----------------inches---------------- |
|
|
|
||
|
|
BE |
36 |
7.9 |
1.8 |
0.9 |
3.5 |
7.0 |
8.1 |
|
|
BE |
17 |
6.7 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
3.3 |
6.9 |
8.9 |
|
Nectar |
BE |
26 |
7.9 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
3.5 |
7.0 |
9.7 |
|
Nervi |
BE |
24 |
7.5 |
1.7 |
0.9 |
3.4 |
7.0 |
8.8 |
|
|
BE |
17 |
8.3 |
1.7 |
0.9 |
3.5 |
7.0 |
8.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Experimental mean |
24 |
7.5 |
1.8 |
0.9 |
3.4 |
7.0 |
8.8 |
|
|
LSD (0.05) |
|
11 |
2.0 |
4.1 |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
|
C.V. (%) |
|
29 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
11.8 |
4.6 |
3.8 |
9.1 |
1See Appendix A for a list of the seed
sources.
2The Brix score is a
measure of soluble solids and is usually related to the amount of sugar in the
carrot – higher is sweeter
Go to the top of the carrot hybrid performance
trial.
Go
to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go
to Oakes Irrigation Research Site crop index
Go
to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2006 Annual Report
Go to
Oakes Irrigation Research Site home page