Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
BROCCOLI HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 2000
Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann, and Heidi Eslinger
Broccoli can grow very well in North Dakota, but some years, if a hot day comes at just the wrong time, the beads develop unevenly and the heads are not marketable.
Table 5. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for broccoli.
Table 6. Stem and head characteristics for broccoli
MATERIALS AND METHODS
| Soil: | Embden sandy loam; pH=6.7; 2.5% organic matter; soil-P, soil-K, and soil-S were very high. |
| Previous crops: | 1999 - onion; 1998 - pepper; 1997 - fallow. |
| Seedbed preparation: | Disked on 29 October 1999. Multiweeded (field cultivated) on April 5. Multiweeded twice on April 18 to incorporate herbicide/fertilizer and smooth seedbed. |
| Fertilizer: | On April 4, broadcast 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24. Sprayed 50 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on April 17 and sprayed 60 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on May 23. Fertigated 35 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on June 27 and July 14. |
| Planting: | Direct seeded broccoli on April 25 with a Stanhay vegetable planter modified to drill barley (1 bu/acre, 6-inch rows) between and parallel to the broccoli rows. Broccoli seeds were planted 5 inches apart in 16-inch rows and were placed ¼ to ¾ inches deep into a flat, fine seedbed. |
| Plots: | Each plot was two rows (3 ft) by 17 ft long. |
| Irrigation: | Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
| Pest Control: | Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1 pt/acre applied preplant incorporated on April 18), Fusilade + NIS (12 oz/acre + 1 pt/25 gal) on May 22 and June 5, and by hand weeding. We sprayed Agree (2 lb/acre on June 22 and June 29) and Dipel (2 lb/acre on July 3, and 1 lb/acre on July 12, July 20, and July 26) to control cabbage looper and cabbage worm. |
| Harvest: | The primary heads were harvested from July 14 to July 28. Secondary heads were not harvested. |
Windsor and Montecristo had the highest yields, but Sussex had the highest quality.
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Table 5 . Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2000 broccoli hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source1 | Early stand | Days to harvest | Harvest spread2 | Number of heads | Yield | Hollow stem | Overall score |
| 1000s/acre | days | 1000s/acre | 1000 lbs/A | % | 1 to 10 | |||
| Legend | SK | 26.4 c3 | 85 c | 13 | 37.0 c | 16.6 bc | 31.8 a | 3.8 b |
| Montecristo | AT | 31.2 b | 85 bc | 13 | 46.9 ab | 19.7 a | 28.9 a | 2.9 b |
| Sussex | NV | 28.3 bc | 86 a | 13 | 39.6 bc | 15.4 c | 3.9 b | 5.7 a |
| Windsor | NV | 37.5 a | 86 ab | 13 | 54.3 a | 18.0 ab | 8.0 b | 3.1 b |
| C. V. (%) | 7 | 1 | 14 | 11 | 8 | 31 | 26 | |
| Probability | 0.0002 | 0.03 | 0.9 | 0.004 | 0.01 | 0.0001 | 0.012 | |
1See Appendix A for list of seed source codes.
2Days between first and last harvest.
3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No letters in column means no significant differences between values in that column.
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Table 6 . Stem and head characteristics for broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2000 broccoli hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid |
Seed source1 |
Stem diameter |
Head | Bead | |||||
| size | width | shape2 | density3 | color4 | size5 | uniformity6 | |||
| inches | oz/head | inches | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | 2 to 5 | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | ||
Legend |
SK | 1.1 b7 | 7.2 a | 5.3 | 2.2 b | 1.5 b | 3.3 b | 2.1 a | 1.6 |
Montecristo |
AT | 1.2 a | 6.7 ab | 5.2 | 2.0 b | 1.3 b | 3.2 b | 2.2 a | 1.8 |
Sussex |
NV | 1.1 b | 6.3 b | 5.0 | 2.7 a | 2.0 a | 4.8 a | 1.8 b | 1.8 |
Windsor |
NV | 1.0 b | 5.3 c | 5.2 | 2.1 b | 1.2 b | 5.0 a | 2.1 a | 1.9 |
C. V. (%) |
5 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 13 | |
Probability |
0.009 | 0.002 | 0.15 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.0005 | 0.012 | 0.5 | |
1See Appendix A for list of seed source codes.
2Head shape: 3=dome; 2=flat; 1=sunken.
3Head density: 1=loose, 2=medium, 3=solid.
4Head color: 2=yellow green; 3 to 4 = medium to dark green; 5=blue green.
5Bead size: 1=small, 2=medium, 3=large.
6Bead uniformity: the higher the number, the more uniform the beads.
7Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No letters in column means no significant differences between values in that column.
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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2000 annual report