scpt99

Oakes Irrigation Research Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701) 742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu

'SUPERSWEET' SWEET CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1999

Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann, and Heidi Eslinger

Results summary

Table 21. Corn development, ear heights and ear removal scores.

Table 22. Number of ears per acre and yield of sweet corn.

Table 23. Husk characteristics of sweet corn.

Table 24. Husked ear characteristics of sweet corn.

Sweet corn grows very well in this area of North Dakota. Long days and lots of sunshine compensate for the short summer. Sweet corn always matures before frost.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Soil: Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.7; 2.3% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low.

Previous crops: 1998 - cabbage; 1997 - potato ; 1996 - field corn.

Seedbed preparation: Disked on 3 November 1998. Disked 26 April 1999. Field cultivated May 11.

Planting: Seeded on May 11 in 30-inch rows. Planting depth was about ¾ inch. Plots were seeded at a rate of 50,000 seeds/acre, then later thinned to 28,000 plants/acre.

Plots: Plots were 5 rows (12.5 ft) wide by 17 ft long. There were 4 reps.

Fertilizer: On April 7, broadcast 15 lbs N/acre and 75 lbs P₂O₅/acre as 10-50-0, 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 99 lbs K₂0/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 70 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on April 27. Knifed in 80 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 plus N-serve (1 qt/acre) on June 9.

Irrigation: Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.

Pest Control: Dual + Cypro (1.5 pt/acre + 1.5 lb/acre applied on May 13), cultivation on June 10, and hand weeding controlled weeds. Sprayed Asana (8 oz/acre on June 29) and Pounce (8 oz/acre on July 9) to control European corn borer and corn earworm.

Harvest: Hand harvested 23 to 25 days after half-silk date. Only the center row of each plot was harvested. Harvested from Aug 2 to Aug 10.

RESULTS

All hybrids had good emergence and early growth except GSS 3587. Ear heights were generally 20 to 25 inches from the ground to the bottom of the ear. Ears of GSS 0966 and Odyssey were higher. Ears of Fresh Start, Snow Mass, and GSS 3587 were lower. Ear removal was easiest with Impulse, BSS 6284, SummerSweet 781 Ultra, Fortune Bicolor, and SummerSweet ACX405.

Yields this year were lower than average. The highest yielding hybrids were three SummerSweet hybrids (ACX405, 781 Ultra, and ACX420), BSS 6284, and BSS 0977. The best looking hybrid with the husk on was BSS 6284. SummerSweet ACX420, SummerSweet ACX405, and BSS 6284 were the best looking after husking. These last three hybrids and SummerSweet 781 Ultra had the largest ears.

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Table 21. Corn development, ear heights and ear removal scores in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.

Hybrid Seed source^† Early stand^‡ Days to half-silk Days to harvest Ear height^¶ Ear removal^§

1000s/A inches 1 to 10

White

Boreal RG 35.1 bcd^†† 66.3 cd 87.0 b-e 22.3 cde 6.0 cde

Fresh Start ST 31.6 def 69.0 g 90.0 fg 18.5 g 6.3 b-e

Snow Mass RG 30.0 ef 68.8 g 89.5 fg 19.8 fg 5.8 ef

SummerSweet 781 Ultra AC 34.1 b-f 67.5 ef 88.5 ef 22.5 cde 6.9 abc

Vail RG 33.3 c-f 68.5 fg 89.5 fg 25.5 a 6.3 b-e

Bicolor

BSS 0977 RG 31.5 def 68.5 fg 90.0 fg 23.3 bc 6.3 b-e

BSS 1605 RG 34.1 b-f 68.0 efg 90.0 fg 22.8 cd 6.3 b-e

BSS 6284 RG 33.1 c-f 61.3 a 83.0 a 20.5 efg 7.0 ab

Fortune Bicolor ST 44.1 a 65.5 c 85.8 b 21.0 def 6.8 a-d

Odyssey ST 30.0 ef 68.3 fg 90.0 fg 25.3 ab 6.3 b-e

SummerSweet 7422BC TW 37.4 bc 65.3 c 86.0 bc 21.0 def 6.3 b-e

SummerSweet ACX420 AC 31.8 def 67.5 ef 88.5 ef 22.3 cde 5.9 def

Yellow

GSS 0966 RG 38.7 b 70.3 h 90.8 g 27.3 a 5.6 ef

GSS 3587 RG 24.9 f 66.0 cd 86.3 bcd 19.8 fg 5.0 f

Impulse RG 34.3 b-e 62.8 b 83.0 a 20.5 efg 7.3 a

Prime Plus RG 35.1 bcd 67.0 de 87.5 cde 22.8 cd 5.5 ef

SummerSweet ACX405 AC 35.4 bcd 67.0 de 87.8 de 21.3 c-f 6.8 a-d

C. V. (%) 11 1 1 7 10

Probability 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0004

^†See Appendix A for seed source code.

^‡Corn was over planted. After stand count, corn was thinned to about 28,000 plants/acre

^¶Distance from ground to base of ear.

^§Indicates ease of ear removal. The higher the score, the easier it was to remove the ear.

^††Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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Table 22. Number of ears per acre and yield of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.

Hybrid Seed source^† Unhusked Husked

marketable total marketable total

ears yield ears yield ears yield ears yield

1000s/A tons/A 1000s/A tons/A 1000s/A tons/A 1000s/A tons/A

White

Boreal RG 21.3 7.1 a-d^‡ 22.8 7.3 a-e 20.8 abc 4.6 a-d 22.8 4.8 b-e

Fresh Start ST 20.4 7.3 a-d 22.4 7.6 a-d 18.5 a-e 4.4 a-e 22.4 4.8 b-e

Snow Mass RG 19.2 6.4 bcd 21.5 6.7 cde 17.9 b-e 3.8 de 21.5 4.1 e

SummerSweet 781 Ultra AC 21.8 7.9 a 22.8 8.1 ab 20.5 abc 5.0 abc 22.8 5.3 abc

Vail RG 19.0 6.2 cd 21.5 6.5 de 17.7 b-e 4.1 de 21.5 4.5 de

Bicolor

BSS 0977 RG 23.1 7.4 abc 24.3 7.5 a-d 22.3 a 5.0 abc 24.3 5.2 a-d

BSS 1605 RG 20.5 6.2 cd 22.5 6.5 de 20.5 abc 4.4 b-e 22.5 4.6 cde

BSS 6284 RG 22.5 7.9 a 24.1 8.2 a 22.0 a 5.2 ab 24.1 5.5 ab

Fortune Bicolor ST 22.5 6.5 bcd 24.3 6.8 cde 21.3 ab 4.2 cde 24.3 4.5 cde

Odyssey ST 17.7 6.0 d 20.8 6.4 de 15.9 e 3.9 de 20.8 4.4 de

SummerSweet 7422BC TW 18.4 6.1 cd 21.5 6.5 de 16.4 de 3.9 de 21.5 4.5 cde

SummerSweet ACX420 AC 19.7 7.7 ab 20.8 7.9 abc 17.2 cde 5.0 abc 20.8 5.6 ab

Yellow

GSS 0966 RG 21.0 6.2 cd 24.1 6.6 de 19.7 a-e 4.1 de 24.1 4.5 cde

GSS 3587 RG 18.7 6.1 cd 19.5 6.2 e 16.4 de 3.7 e 19.5 4.1 e

Impulse RG 19.7 6.6 bcd 21.5 6.9 b-e 19.7 a-e 4.3 cde 21.5 4.6 cde

Prime Plus RG 20.2 6.0 d 21.5 6.2 e 20.0 a-d 4.0 de 21.5 4.2 e

SummerSweet ACX405 AC 22.3 8.2 a 23.8 8.4 a 19.7 a-e 5.3 a 23.8 6.0 a

C.V. (%) 13 14 12 13 15 14 12 12

Probability 0.16 0.0045 0.32 0.0032 0.0277 0.0023 0.32 0.0002

^†See Appendix A for seed source code.

^‡Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. If no letters in column, then there are no significant differences between values in that column.

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Table 23. Husk characteristics of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.

Hybrid Seed source^† Husk color^‡ Distance husk over tip^¶ Husk tight-ness^§ Husk Overall score

1 to 3 inches 1 to 3 1 to 10

White

Boreal RG 2.0 a^†† 1.5 a-d 1.4 bcd 6.9 bc

Fresh Start ST 2.0 a 1.7 abc 1.7 a-d 6.7 bc

Snow Mass RG 2.0 a 1.8 ab 1.5 bcd 6.5 bc

SummerSweet 781 Ultra AC 2.0 a 1.7 abc 1.3 cd 6.4 c

Vail RG 2.0 a 1.1 e 1.6 a-d 7.0 bc

Bicolor

BSS 0977 RG 2.0 a 1.4 a-e 1.8 abc 6.8 bc

BSS 1605 RG 2.0 a 0.2 g 1.0 d 5.5 d

BSS 6284 RG 1.9 a 1.8 a 2.3 a 7.8 a

Fortune Bicolor ST 2.0 a 1.6 abc 1.9 abc 7.1 ab

Odyssey ST 1.8 ab 1.3 cde 1.9 abc 6.9 bc

SummerSweet 7422BC TW 1.5 b 1.3 cde 1.3 cd 6.5 bc

SummerSweet ACX420 AC 2.0 a 0.6 fg 2.3 a 6.8 bc

Yellow

GSS 0966 RG 1.8 ab 1.1 de 1.4 bcd 6.9 bc

GSS 3587 RG 1.8 ab 1.3 cde 1.6 a-d 7.0 bc

Impulse RG 1.8 ab 1.4 b-e 2.0 ab 6.9 bc

Prime Plus RG 1.9 a 1.1 e 1.3 cd 6.5 bc

SummerSweet ACX405 AC 2.0 a 1.0 ef 1.4 bcd 6.5 bc

C. V. (%) 10 23 29 7

Probability 0.0067 0.0001 0.0084 0.0001

^†See Appendix A for seed source code.

^‡Color of husk. 1 to 3 is light to dark green.

^¶The distance the husk extends beyond the end of the ear.

^§How tight husk is around ear. 1 = loose; 3 = tight.

^††Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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Table 24. Husked ear characteristics of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.

Hybrid Seed source^† Ear length Ear diameter Average rows of kernels Tip shape^‡ Kernel yellow intensity^¶ Ear overall score

inches 1 to 3 1 to 10

White

Boreal RG 7.3 cd^§ 1.71 e-h 15.5 ab 1.1 a --- 7.6 ab

Fresh Start ST 7.4 cd 1.77 c-g 17.3 a 1.3 a --- 7.0 bcd

Snow Mass RG 7.5 bcd 1.64 h 15.5 ab 1.1 a --- 6.9 cd

SummerSweet 781 Ultra AC 7.5 bcd 1.88 abc 16.5 a 1.1 a --- 7.1 bc

Vail RG 7.5 cd 1.80 b-e 17.0 a 1.1 a --- 7.5 abc

Bicolor

BSS 0977 RG 7.4 cd 1.71 e-h 15.5 ab 1.1 a 1.9 b 7.3 bc

BSS 1605 RG 7.5 cd 1.69 fgh 15.5 ab 1.1 a 2.0 b 6.9 cd

BSS 6284 RG 7.3 cd 1.86 a-d 15.5 ab 1.8 b 2.0 b 7.8 ab

Fortune Bicolor ST 7.1 d 1.64 h 14.0 bc 1.0 a 2.0 b 7.3 bc

Odyssey ST 7.4 cd 1.84 a-d 16.5 a 1.0 a 2.0 b 6.4 d

SummerSweet 7422BC TW 7.7 bc 1.77 def 14.0 bc 1.0 a 2.0 b 7.1 bc

SummerSweet ACX420 AC 8.2 a 1.91 a 17.0 a 1.0 a 2.3 a 8.0 a

Yellow

GSS 0966 RG 7.4 cd 1.68 fgh 16.0 ab 1.1 a 1.0 c 7.6 ab

GSS 3587 RG 7.4 cd 1.66 gh 13.0 c 1.0 a 2.0 b 7.5 abc

Impulse RG 7.3 cd 1.76 d-g 15.5 ab 1.0 a 2.0 b 7.4 abc

Prime Plus RG 7.5 cd 1.65 gh 15.0 abc 1.0 a 2.0 b 7.4 abc

SummerSweet ACX405 AC 7.9 ab 1.90 ab 17.0 a 1.3 a 2.4 a 7.8 ab

C. V. (%) 4 4 11 22 6 7

Probability 0.002 0.0001 0.056 0.02 0.0001 0.008

^†See Appendix A for seed source code.

^‡Tip shape: 1 is pointed; 2 is blunt; 3 is double or flat.

^¶Gives darkness of yellow kernels on ear. 1 = light yellow; 2 = medium yellow; 3 = dark yellow.

^§Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials

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Soil:	Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.7; 2.3% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low.
Previous crops:	1998 - cabbage; 1997 - potato ; 1996 - field corn.
Seedbed preparation:	Disked on 3 November 1998. Disked 26 April 1999. Field cultivated May 11.
Planting:	Seeded on May 11 in 30-inch rows. Planting depth was about ¾ inch. Plots were seeded at a rate of 50,000 seeds/acre, then later thinned to 28,000 plants/acre.
Plots:	Plots were 5 rows (12.5 ft) wide by 17 ft long. There were 4 reps.
Fertilizer:	On April 7, broadcast 15 lbs N/acre and 75 lbs P₂O₅/acre as 10-50-0, 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 99 lbs K₂0/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 70 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on April 27. Knifed in 80 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 plus N-serve (1 qt/acre) on June 9.
Irrigation:	Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.
Pest Control:	Dual + Cypro (1.5 pt/acre + 1.5 lb/acre applied on May 13), cultivation on June 10, and hand weeding controlled weeds. Sprayed Asana (8 oz/acre on June 29) and Pounce (8 oz/acre on July 9) to control European corn borer and corn earworm.
Harvest:	Hand harvested 23 to 25 days after half-silk date. Only the center row of each plot was harvested. Harvested from Aug 2 to Aug 10.

Hybrid	Seed source^†	Early stand^‡	Days to half-silk	Days to harvest	Ear height^¶	Ear removal^§
		1000s/A			inches	1 to 10
White
Boreal	RG	35.1 bcd^††	66.3 cd	87.0 b-e	22.3 cde	6.0 cde
Fresh Start	ST	31.6 def	69.0 g	90.0 fg	18.5 g	6.3 b-e
Snow Mass	RG	30.0 ef	68.8 g	89.5 fg	19.8 fg	5.8 ef
SummerSweet 781 Ultra	AC	34.1 b-f	67.5 ef	88.5 ef	22.5 cde	6.9 abc
Vail	RG	33.3 c-f	68.5 fg	89.5 fg	25.5 a	6.3 b-e
Bicolor
BSS 0977	RG	31.5 def	68.5 fg	90.0 fg	23.3 bc	6.3 b-e
BSS 1605	RG	34.1 b-f	68.0 efg	90.0 fg	22.8 cd	6.3 b-e
BSS 6284	RG	33.1 c-f	61.3 a	83.0 a	20.5 efg	7.0 ab
Fortune Bicolor	ST	44.1 a	65.5 c	85.8 b	21.0 def	6.8 a-d
Odyssey	ST	30.0 ef	68.3 fg	90.0 fg	25.3 ab	6.3 b-e
SummerSweet 7422BC	TW	37.4 bc	65.3 c	86.0 bc	21.0 def	6.3 b-e
SummerSweet ACX420	AC	31.8 def	67.5 ef	88.5 ef	22.3 cde	5.9 def
Yellow
GSS 0966	RG	38.7 b	70.3 h	90.8 g	27.3 a	5.6 ef
GSS 3587	RG	24.9 f	66.0 cd	86.3 bcd	19.8 fg	5.0 f
Impulse	RG	34.3 b-e	62.8 b	83.0 a	20.5 efg	7.3 a
Prime Plus	RG	35.1 bcd	67.0 de	87.5 cde	22.8 cd	5.5 ef
SummerSweet ACX405	AC	35.4 bcd	67.0 de	87.8 de	21.3 c-f	6.8 a-d

C. V. (%)		11	1	1	7	10
Probability		0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0004

Hybrid	Seed source^†	Unhusked				Husked
		marketable		total		marketable		total
		ears	yield	ears	yield	ears	yield	ears	yield
		1000s/A	tons/A	1000s/A	tons/A	1000s/A	tons/A	1000s/A	tons/A
White
Boreal	RG	21.3	7.1 a-d^‡	22.8	7.3 a-e	20.8 abc	4.6 a-d	22.8	4.8 b-e
Fresh Start	ST	20.4	7.3 a-d	22.4	7.6 a-d	18.5 a-e	4.4 a-e	22.4	4.8 b-e
Snow Mass	RG	19.2	6.4 bcd	21.5	6.7 cde	17.9 b-e	3.8 de	21.5	4.1 e
SummerSweet 781 Ultra	AC	21.8	7.9 a	22.8	8.1 ab	20.5 abc	5.0 abc	22.8	5.3 abc
Vail	RG	19.0	6.2 cd	21.5	6.5 de	17.7 b-e	4.1 de	21.5	4.5 de
Bicolor
BSS 0977	RG	23.1	7.4 abc	24.3	7.5 a-d	22.3 a	5.0 abc	24.3	5.2 a-d
BSS 1605	RG	20.5	6.2 cd	22.5	6.5 de	20.5 abc	4.4 b-e	22.5	4.6 cde
BSS 6284	RG	22.5	7.9 a	24.1	8.2 a	22.0 a	5.2 ab	24.1	5.5 ab
Fortune Bicolor	ST	22.5	6.5 bcd	24.3	6.8 cde	21.3 ab	4.2 cde	24.3	4.5 cde
Odyssey	ST	17.7	6.0 d	20.8	6.4 de	15.9 e	3.9 de	20.8	4.4 de
SummerSweet 7422BC	TW	18.4	6.1 cd	21.5	6.5 de	16.4 de	3.9 de	21.5	4.5 cde
SummerSweet ACX420	AC	19.7	7.7 ab	20.8	7.9 abc	17.2 cde	5.0 abc	20.8	5.6 ab
Yellow
GSS 0966	RG	21.0	6.2 cd	24.1	6.6 de	19.7 a-e	4.1 de	24.1	4.5 cde
GSS 3587	RG	18.7	6.1 cd	19.5	6.2 e	16.4 de	3.7 e	19.5	4.1 e
Impulse	RG	19.7	6.6 bcd	21.5	6.9 b-e	19.7 a-e	4.3 cde	21.5	4.6 cde
Prime Plus	RG	20.2	6.0 d	21.5	6.2 e	20.0 a-d	4.0 de	21.5	4.2 e
SummerSweet ACX405	AC	22.3	8.2 a	23.8	8.4 a	19.7 a-e	5.3 a	23.8	6.0 a

C.V. (%)		13	14	12	13	15	14	12	12
Probability		0.16	0.0045	0.32	0.0032	0.0277	0.0023	0.32	0.0002

Hybrid	Seed source^†	Husk color^‡	Distance husk over tip^¶	Husk tight-ness^§	Husk Overall score
		1 to 3	inches	1 to 3	1 to 10
White
Boreal	RG	2.0 a^††	1.5 a-d	1.4 bcd	6.9 bc
Fresh Start	ST	2.0 a	1.7 abc	1.7 a-d	6.7 bc
Snow Mass	RG	2.0 a	1.8 ab	1.5 bcd	6.5 bc
SummerSweet 781 Ultra	AC	2.0 a	1.7 abc	1.3 cd	6.4 c
Vail	RG	2.0 a	1.1 e	1.6 a-d	7.0 bc
Bicolor
BSS 0977	RG	2.0 a	1.4 a-e	1.8 abc	6.8 bc
BSS 1605	RG	2.0 a	0.2 g	1.0 d	5.5 d
BSS 6284	RG	1.9 a	1.8 a	2.3 a	7.8 a
Fortune Bicolor	ST	2.0 a	1.6 abc	1.9 abc	7.1 ab
Odyssey	ST	1.8 ab	1.3 cde	1.9 abc	6.9 bc
SummerSweet 7422BC	TW	1.5 b	1.3 cde	1.3 cd	6.5 bc
SummerSweet ACX420	AC	2.0 a	0.6 fg	2.3 a	6.8 bc
Yellow
GSS 0966	RG	1.8 ab	1.1 de	1.4 bcd	6.9 bc
GSS 3587	RG	1.8 ab	1.3 cde	1.6 a-d	7.0 bc
Impulse	RG	1.8 ab	1.4 b-e	2.0 ab	6.9 bc
Prime Plus	RG	1.9 a	1.1 e	1.3 cd	6.5 bc
SummerSweet ACX405	AC	2.0 a	1.0 ef	1.4 bcd	6.5 bc

C. V. (%)		10	23	29	7
Probability		0.0067	0.0001	0.0084	0.0001

Hybrid	Seed source^†	Ear length	Ear diameter	Average rows of kernels	Tip shape^‡	Kernel yellow intensity^¶	Ear overall score
		inches			1 to 3		1 to 10
White
Boreal	RG	7.3 cd^§	1.71 e-h	15.5 ab	1.1 a	---	7.6 ab
Fresh Start	ST	7.4 cd	1.77 c-g	17.3 a	1.3 a	---	7.0 bcd
Snow Mass	RG	7.5 bcd	1.64 h	15.5 ab	1.1 a	---	6.9 cd
SummerSweet 781 Ultra	AC	7.5 bcd	1.88 abc	16.5 a	1.1 a	---	7.1 bc
Vail	RG	7.5 cd	1.80 b-e	17.0 a	1.1 a	---	7.5 abc
Bicolor
BSS 0977	RG	7.4 cd	1.71 e-h	15.5 ab	1.1 a	1.9 b	7.3 bc
BSS 1605	RG	7.5 cd	1.69 fgh	15.5 ab	1.1 a	2.0 b	6.9 cd
BSS 6284	RG	7.3 cd	1.86 a-d	15.5 ab	1.8 b	2.0 b	7.8 ab
Fortune Bicolor	ST	7.1 d	1.64 h	14.0 bc	1.0 a	2.0 b	7.3 bc
Odyssey	ST	7.4 cd	1.84 a-d	16.5 a	1.0 a	2.0 b	6.4 d
SummerSweet 7422BC	TW	7.7 bc	1.77 def	14.0 bc	1.0 a	2.0 b	7.1 bc
SummerSweet ACX420	AC	8.2 a	1.91 a	17.0 a	1.0 a	2.3 a	8.0 a
Yellow
GSS 0966	RG	7.4 cd	1.68 fgh	16.0 ab	1.1 a	1.0 c	7.6 ab
GSS 3587	RG	7.4 cd	1.66 gh	13.0 c	1.0 a	2.0 b	7.5 abc
Impulse	RG	7.3 cd	1.76 d-g	15.5 ab	1.0 a	2.0 b	7.4 abc
Prime Plus	RG	7.5 cd	1.65 gh	15.0 abc	1.0 a	2.0 b	7.4 abc
SummerSweet ACX405	AC	7.9 ab	1.90 ab	17.0 a	1.3 a	2.4 a	7.8 ab

C. V. (%)		4	4	11	22	6	7
Probability		0.002	0.0001	0.056	0.02	0.0001	0.008