Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
'SUPERSWEET' SWEET CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1999
Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann, and Heidi Eslinger
Table 21. Corn development, ear heights and ear removal scores.
Table 22. Number of ears per acre and yield of sweet corn.
Table 23. Husk characteristics of sweet corn.
Table 24. Husked ear characteristics of sweet corn.
Sweet corn grows very well in this area of North Dakota. Long days and lots of sunshine compensate for the short summer. Sweet corn always matures before frost.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Soil: | Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.7; 2.3% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low. |
Previous crops: | 1998 - cabbage; 1997 - potato ; 1996 - field corn. |
Seedbed preparation: | Disked on 3 November 1998. Disked 26 April 1999. Field cultivated May 11. |
Planting: | Seeded on May 11 in 30-inch rows. Planting depth was about ¾ inch. Plots were seeded at a rate of 50,000 seeds/acre, then later thinned to 28,000 plants/acre. |
Plots: | Plots were 5 rows (12.5 ft) wide by 17 ft long. There were 4 reps. |
Fertilizer: | On April 7, broadcast 15 lbs N/acre and 75 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 99 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 70 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on April 27. Knifed in 80 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 plus N-serve (1 qt/acre) on June 9. |
Irrigation: | Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
Pest Control: | Dual + Cypro (1.5 pt/acre + 1.5 lb/acre applied on May 13), cultivation on June 10, and hand weeding controlled weeds. Sprayed Asana (8 oz/acre on June 29) and Pounce (8 oz/acre on July 9) to control European corn borer and corn earworm. |
Harvest: | Hand harvested 23 to 25 days after half-silk date. Only the center row of each plot was harvested. Harvested from Aug 2 to Aug 10. |
All hybrids had good emergence and early growth except GSS 3587. Ear heights were generally 20 to 25 inches from the ground to the bottom of the ear. Ears of GSS 0966 and Odyssey were higher. Ears of Fresh Start, Snow Mass, and GSS 3587 were lower. Ear removal was easiest with Impulse, BSS 6284, SummerSweet 781 Ultra, Fortune Bicolor, and SummerSweet ACX405.
Yields this year were lower than average. The highest yielding hybrids were three SummerSweet hybrids (ACX405, 781 Ultra, and ACX420), BSS 6284, and BSS 0977. The best looking hybrid with the husk on was BSS 6284. SummerSweet ACX420, SummerSweet ACX405, and BSS 6284 were the best looking after husking. These last three hybrids and SummerSweet 781 Ultra had the largest ears.
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Table 21. Corn development, ear heights and ear removal scores in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source | Early stand | Days to half-silk | Days to harvest | Ear height¶ | Ear removal§ |
1000s/A | inches | 1 to 10 | ||||
White | ||||||
Boreal | RG | 35.1 bcd | 66.3 cd | 87.0 b-e | 22.3 cde | 6.0 cde |
Fresh Start | ST | 31.6 def | 69.0 g | 90.0 fg | 18.5 g | 6.3 b-e |
Snow Mass | RG | 30.0 ef | 68.8 g | 89.5 fg | 19.8 fg | 5.8 ef |
SummerSweet 781 Ultra | AC | 34.1 b-f | 67.5 ef | 88.5 ef | 22.5 cde | 6.9 abc |
Vail | RG | 33.3 c-f | 68.5 fg | 89.5 fg | 25.5 a | 6.3 b-e |
Bicolor | ||||||
BSS 0977 | RG | 31.5 def | 68.5 fg | 90.0 fg | 23.3 bc | 6.3 b-e |
BSS 1605 | RG | 34.1 b-f | 68.0 efg | 90.0 fg | 22.8 cd | 6.3 b-e |
BSS 6284 | RG | 33.1 c-f | 61.3 a | 83.0 a | 20.5 efg | 7.0 ab |
Fortune Bicolor | ST | 44.1 a | 65.5 c | 85.8 b | 21.0 def | 6.8 a-d |
Odyssey | ST | 30.0 ef | 68.3 fg | 90.0 fg | 25.3 ab | 6.3 b-e |
SummerSweet 7422BC | TW | 37.4 bc | 65.3 c | 86.0 bc | 21.0 def | 6.3 b-e |
SummerSweet ACX420 | AC | 31.8 def | 67.5 ef | 88.5 ef | 22.3 cde | 5.9 def |
Yellow | ||||||
GSS 0966 | RG | 38.7 b | 70.3 h | 90.8 g | 27.3 a | 5.6 ef |
GSS 3587 | RG | 24.9 f | 66.0 cd | 86.3 bcd | 19.8 fg | 5.0 f |
Impulse | RG | 34.3 b-e | 62.8 b | 83.0 a | 20.5 efg | 7.3 a |
Prime Plus | RG | 35.1 bcd | 67.0 de | 87.5 cde | 22.8 cd | 5.5 ef |
SummerSweet ACX405 | AC | 35.4 bcd | 67.0 de | 87.8 de | 21.3 c-f | 6.8 a-d |
C. V. (%) | 11 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 10 | |
Probability | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0004 |
See Appendix A for seed source code.
Corn was over planted. After stand count, corn was thinned to about 28,000 plants/acre
¶Distance from ground to base of ear.
§Indicates ease of ear removal. The higher the score, the easier it was to remove the ear.
Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 22. Number of ears per acre and yield of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source | Unhusked | Husked | ||||||
marketable | total | marketable | total | ||||||
ears | yield | ears | yield | ears | yield | ears | yield | ||
1000s/A | tons/A | 1000s/A | tons/A | 1000s/A | tons/A | 1000s/A | tons/A | ||
White | |||||||||
Boreal | RG | 21.3 | 7.1 a-d | 22.8 | 7.3 a-e | 20.8 abc | 4.6 a-d | 22.8 | 4.8 b-e |
Fresh Start | ST | 20.4 | 7.3 a-d | 22.4 | 7.6 a-d | 18.5 a-e | 4.4 a-e | 22.4 | 4.8 b-e |
Snow Mass | RG | 19.2 | 6.4 bcd | 21.5 | 6.7 cde | 17.9 b-e | 3.8 de | 21.5 | 4.1 e |
SummerSweet 781 Ultra | AC | 21.8 | 7.9 a | 22.8 | 8.1 ab | 20.5 abc | 5.0 abc | 22.8 | 5.3 abc |
Vail | RG | 19.0 | 6.2 cd | 21.5 | 6.5 de | 17.7 b-e | 4.1 de | 21.5 | 4.5 de |
Bicolor | |||||||||
BSS 0977 | RG | 23.1 | 7.4 abc | 24.3 | 7.5 a-d | 22.3 a | 5.0 abc | 24.3 | 5.2 a-d |
BSS 1605 | RG | 20.5 | 6.2 cd | 22.5 | 6.5 de | 20.5 abc | 4.4 b-e | 22.5 | 4.6 cde |
BSS 6284 | RG | 22.5 | 7.9 a | 24.1 | 8.2 a | 22.0 a | 5.2 ab | 24.1 | 5.5 ab |
Fortune Bicolor | ST | 22.5 | 6.5 bcd | 24.3 | 6.8 cde | 21.3 ab | 4.2 cde | 24.3 | 4.5 cde |
Odyssey | ST | 17.7 | 6.0 d | 20.8 | 6.4 de | 15.9 e | 3.9 de | 20.8 | 4.4 de |
SummerSweet 7422BC | TW | 18.4 | 6.1 cd | 21.5 | 6.5 de | 16.4 de | 3.9 de | 21.5 | 4.5 cde |
SummerSweet ACX420 | AC | 19.7 | 7.7 ab | 20.8 | 7.9 abc | 17.2 cde | 5.0 abc | 20.8 | 5.6 ab |
Yellow | |||||||||
GSS 0966 | RG | 21.0 | 6.2 cd | 24.1 | 6.6 de | 19.7 a-e | 4.1 de | 24.1 | 4.5 cde |
GSS 3587 | RG | 18.7 | 6.1 cd | 19.5 | 6.2 e | 16.4 de | 3.7 e | 19.5 | 4.1 e |
Impulse | RG | 19.7 | 6.6 bcd | 21.5 | 6.9 b-e | 19.7 a-e | 4.3 cde | 21.5 | 4.6 cde |
Prime Plus | RG | 20.2 | 6.0 d | 21.5 | 6.2 e | 20.0 a-d | 4.0 de | 21.5 | 4.2 e |
SummerSweet ACX405 | AC | 22.3 | 8.2 a | 23.8 | 8.4 a | 19.7 a-e | 5.3 a | 23.8 | 6.0 a |
C.V. (%) | 13 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 12 | |
Probability | 0.16 | 0.0045 | 0.32 | 0.0032 | 0.0277 | 0.0023 | 0.32 | 0.0002 |
See Appendix A for seed source code.
Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. If no letters in column, then there are no significant differences between values in that column.
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Table 23. Husk characteristics of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source | Husk color | Distance husk over tip¶ | Husk tight-ness§ | Husk Overall score |
1 to 3 | inches | 1 to 3 | 1 to 10 | ||
White | |||||
Boreal | RG | 2.0 a | 1.5 a-d | 1.4 bcd | 6.9 bc |
Fresh Start | ST | 2.0 a | 1.7 abc | 1.7 a-d | 6.7 bc |
Snow Mass | RG | 2.0 a | 1.8 ab | 1.5 bcd | 6.5 bc |
SummerSweet 781 Ultra | AC | 2.0 a | 1.7 abc | 1.3 cd | 6.4 c |
Vail | RG | 2.0 a | 1.1 e | 1.6 a-d | 7.0 bc |
Bicolor | |||||
BSS 0977 | RG | 2.0 a | 1.4 a-e | 1.8 abc | 6.8 bc |
BSS 1605 | RG | 2.0 a | 0.2 g | 1.0 d | 5.5 d |
BSS 6284 | RG | 1.9 a | 1.8 a | 2.3 a | 7.8 a |
Fortune Bicolor | ST | 2.0 a | 1.6 abc | 1.9 abc | 7.1 ab |
Odyssey | ST | 1.8 ab | 1.3 cde | 1.9 abc | 6.9 bc |
SummerSweet 7422BC | TW | 1.5 b | 1.3 cde | 1.3 cd | 6.5 bc |
SummerSweet ACX420 | AC | 2.0 a | 0.6 fg | 2.3 a | 6.8 bc |
Yellow | |||||
GSS 0966 | RG | 1.8 ab | 1.1 de | 1.4 bcd | 6.9 bc |
GSS 3587 | RG | 1.8 ab | 1.3 cde | 1.6 a-d | 7.0 bc |
Impulse | RG | 1.8 ab | 1.4 b-e | 2.0 ab | 6.9 bc |
Prime Plus | RG | 1.9 a | 1.1 e | 1.3 cd | 6.5 bc |
SummerSweet ACX405 | AC | 2.0 a | 1.0 ef | 1.4 bcd | 6.5 bc |
C. V. (%) | 10 | 23 | 29 | 7 | |
Probability | 0.0067 | 0.0001 | 0.0084 | 0.0001 |
See Appendix A for seed source code.
Color of husk. 1 to 3 is light to dark green.
¶The distance the husk extends beyond the end of the ear.
§How tight husk is around ear. 1 = loose; 3 = tight.
Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 24. Husked ear characteristics of sweet corn in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 'supersweet' sweet corn performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source | Ear length | Ear diameter | Average rows of kernels | Tip shape | Kernel yellow intensity¶ | Ear overall score |
inches | 1 to 3 | 1 to 10 | |||||
White | |||||||
Boreal | RG | 7.3 cd§ | 1.71 e-h | 15.5 ab | 1.1 a | --- | 7.6 ab |
Fresh Start | ST | 7.4 cd | 1.77 c-g | 17.3 a | 1.3 a | --- | 7.0 bcd |
Snow Mass | RG | 7.5 bcd | 1.64 h | 15.5 ab | 1.1 a | --- | 6.9 cd |
SummerSweet 781 Ultra | AC | 7.5 bcd | 1.88 abc | 16.5 a | 1.1 a | --- | 7.1 bc |
Vail | RG | 7.5 cd | 1.80 b-e | 17.0 a | 1.1 a | --- | 7.5 abc |
Bicolor | |||||||
BSS 0977 | RG | 7.4 cd | 1.71 e-h | 15.5 ab | 1.1 a | 1.9 b | 7.3 bc |
BSS 1605 | RG | 7.5 cd | 1.69 fgh | 15.5 ab | 1.1 a | 2.0 b | 6.9 cd |
BSS 6284 | RG | 7.3 cd | 1.86 a-d | 15.5 ab | 1.8 b | 2.0 b | 7.8 ab |
Fortune Bicolor | ST | 7.1 d | 1.64 h | 14.0 bc | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 7.3 bc |
Odyssey | ST | 7.4 cd | 1.84 a-d | 16.5 a | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 6.4 d |
SummerSweet 7422BC | TW | 7.7 bc | 1.77 def | 14.0 bc | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 7.1 bc |
SummerSweet ACX420 | AC | 8.2 a | 1.91 a | 17.0 a | 1.0 a | 2.3 a | 8.0 a |
Yellow | |||||||
GSS 0966 | RG | 7.4 cd | 1.68 fgh | 16.0 ab | 1.1 a | 1.0 c | 7.6 ab |
GSS 3587 | RG | 7.4 cd | 1.66 gh | 13.0 c | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 7.5 abc |
Impulse | RG | 7.3 cd | 1.76 d-g | 15.5 ab | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 7.4 abc |
Prime Plus | RG | 7.5 cd | 1.65 gh | 15.0 abc | 1.0 a | 2.0 b | 7.4 abc |
SummerSweet ACX405 | AC | 7.9 ab | 1.90 ab | 17.0 a | 1.3 a | 2.4 a | 7.8 ab |
C. V. (%) | 4 | 4 | 11 | 22 | 6 | 7 | |
Probability | 0.002 | 0.0001 | 0.056 | 0.02 | 0.0001 | 0.008 |
See Appendix A for seed source code.
Tip shape: 1 is pointed; 2 is blunt; 3 is double or flat.
¶Gives darkness of yellow kernels on ear. 1 = light yellow; 2 = medium yellow; 3 = dark yellow.
§Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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