Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
CARROT HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1999
Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann and Heidi Eslinger
Table 12. US #1 and total carrot yield for cut and peel carrots.
Table 13. Root characteristics for cut and peel carrots.
Table 14. US #1 and total carrot yield for cello carrots.
Table 15. Root characteristics for cello carrots.
Table 16. US #1 and total carrot yield for processing carrots.
Table 17. Root characteristics for processing carrots
In North Dakota, carrots grow very well.
Carrots have greater commercial production potential than any other vegetable
except potatoes. We tested cut and peel baby carrots, cello type carrots
and processing types.
| Soil: | Embden sandy loam; pH=7.3; 2.8% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low. |
| Previous crop: | 1998 - sweet corn; 1997 - pepper and tomato; 1996 - cabbage, oriental vegetable, spinach and lettuce. |
| Seedbed
Preparation: |
Disked on 5 November 1998. Deep chiseled with coulter chisel on May 4. Field cultivated on May 4 and May 13. Formed beds on May 13. Rototilled lightly on May 17 to incorporate herbicide. Beds were 36 inches wide on 54 inch centers. |
| Planting: | Direct seeded on May 17 with a Stanhay vegetable planter. Planting pattern for all carrots was paired rows (3 inches between rows in the pair) with two sets of paired rows per 36 inch bed (16 inches between paired rows). Planting rate was about 800,000 seeds/acre for cello, 500,000 seeds/acre for the processing carrots, and about 1.2 million seeds/acre for the cut and peel carrots. |
| Fertilizer: | On April 7, broadcast 15 lbs N/acre and 75 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 99 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Applied 50 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on June 29. |
| Plots: | Plots were 17 ft long by one bed (36 inches) wide. There were 4 reps. |
| Irrigation: | Surface drip irrigation as needed. |
| Pest
control: |
Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1.5 pt/acre on May 17), Linex (1 lb/acre on May 18 and 2 lb/acre on June 16), Poast + Fusilade + Dash (1.5 pt +12 oz + 1 pt/acre on July 13) and by hand weeding. We sprayed Sevin (1 qt/acre on July 13 and July 27) and Asana (8 oz/acre on June 29, July 6, July 21, Aug 3, Aug 10, and Aug 24) to control leafhopper. |
| Harvest: | The cut and peel baby carrots and cello carrots were harvested twice: Aug 5 and Sept 15 for the cut and peel baby carrots, and Aug 9 and Sept 16 for the cello carrots. The processing carrots were harvested on Oct 5. Harvest area was one bed wide by three ft long for the cello carrots and the baby carrots, and five ft long for the processing carrots. |
Primo and Bolero had the highest yields for the cut and peel trial. They also had the highest percent US #1 carrots. Primo was the shortest carrot and the one with the lowest percentage of carrots with multiple roots.
Bolero had the highest yields and quality in the cello and processing carrot trials.
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Table 11. Emergence scores for the 1999 carrot performance trials.
| Name | Seed source† | Carrot planted as: | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cut and peel‡ | cello‡ | processing‡ | ||
| 0 to 10¶ | ||||
Bolero |
VL | 6.3 d | 6.5 | 6.8 |
CR 2566 |
RG | 7.8 ab | 7.5 | 7.0 |
Crispy |
PS | 6.8 cd | 6.5 | 6.0 |
Navajo |
SS | 7.0 bcd | 7.0 | 5.0 |
Primecut 59 |
SS | 7.0 bcd | 7.3 | 5.8 |
Primo |
TW | 7.7 ac | -- | --- |
RCR 2567 |
RG | 8.3 a | 8.0 | 6.8 |
RCR 1851A |
RG | 7.3 bc | 7.5 | 3.8 |
| LSD (0.05) | § | NS | 1.2 | |
| C. V. (%) | 8 | 10 | 14 | |
| Probability | 0.004 | 0.057 | 0.0003 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
‡Cut and peel, cello, and processing were planted at 1.2 million, 0.8 million, and 0.5 million seeds per acre, respectively.
¶The higher the number the better the emergence.
§Values in this column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 12. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | US #1 carrots | Total yield | Total roots | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yield (by root diameter) | % of total yield | ||||||||
| >1.5" | 1.0 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | >1.0" | total | ||||
| tons/acre | % | tons/A | 1000s/A | ||||||
| Harvested Aug 5 | |||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 0 | 6.2 a‡ | 5.4 b | 11.5 a | 36 a | 67 a | 17.2 b | 428 d |
| CR 2566 | RG | 0 | 0.2 c | 3.5 c | 3.7 c | 2 d | 34 c | 11.6 c | 616 bc |
| Crispy | PS | 0 | 1.7 bc | 4.9 bc | 6.6 b | 13 bc | 49 b | 13.2 c | 557 cd |
| Navajo | SS | 0 | 0.7 c | 5.4 b | 6.1 b | 5 cd | 46 b | 13.3 c | 645 bc |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 0 | 0.5 c | 5.4 b | 5.8 bc | 4 d | 44 bc | 13.1 c | 567 c |
| Primo | TW | 0 | 3.0 b | 10.8 a | 13.8 a | 15 b | 65 a | 20.8 a | 805 a |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 0 | 0.5 c | 5.1 bc | 5.6 bc | 4 d | 45 bc | 12.7 c | 673 abc |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 0 | 2.6 b | 5.2 bc | 7.8 b | 16 b | 48 b | 16.0 b | 737 ab |
| C.V (%) | 57 | 21 | 21 | 50 | 16 | 10 | 15 | ||
| Probability | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.0001 | 0.0007 | ||
| Harvested Sept 15 | |||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 8.6 a | 14.9 b | 3.6 d | 27.1 a | 54 a | 63 ab | 43.3 a | 439 c |
| CR 2566 | RG | 0.9 d | 6.0 e | 6.2 abc | 13.1 d | 23 e | 44 c | 29.8 cd | 651 b |
| Crispy | PS | 2.4 cd | 7.5 de | 4.1 cd | 14.0 d | 30 de | 42 c | 32.5 bcd | 553 bc |
| Navajo | SS | 3.1 bc | 8.6 cde | 5.6 bcd | 17.3 bcd | 38 cd | 56 b | 30.7 bcd | 625 b |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 0.7 d | 12.3 bc | 6.8 ab | 19.8 bc | 36 cd | 55 b | 36.1 b | 578 b |
| Primo | TW | 3.1 bc | 20.3 a | 8.4 a | 31.7 a | 52 ab | 71 a | 44.0 a | 856 a |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 1.0 d | 7.6 de | 6.7 ab | 15.2 cd | 31 de | 56 b | 27.3 d | 587 b |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 4.6 b | 10.3 cd | 5.6 bcd | 20.5 b | 44 bc | 60 ab | 34.4 bc | 597 b |
| C. V. (%) | 40 | 24 | 27 | 18 | 16 | 13 | 11 | 14 | |
| Probability | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.013 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0007 | 0.0001 | 0.0007 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
‡Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 13. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color‡ | Core color‡ | Contrast¶ | Uni- formity |
Overall score | US #1 size |
| % | inches | 1 to 4 | 1 to 5 | 1 to 10 | oz/root | ||||||
| Harvested Aug 5 | |||||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 14 ab§ | 7.7 | 0.95 | 0.46 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 4.0 a | 2.5 | 6.5 | 1.6 a |
| CR 2566 | RG | 23 bc | 8.4 | 0.93 | 0.43 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.3 bc | 2.0 | 5.8 | 1.2 bcd |
| Crispy | PS | 25 c | 8.1 | 0.93 | 0.39 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.3 bc | 2.8 | 6.0 | 1.4 bc |
| Navajo | SS | 23 bc | 9.1 | 0.91 | 0.47 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 c | 2.4 | 6.0 | 1.3 bcd |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 18 abc | 8.7 | 0.87 | 0.41 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.3 bc | 2.3 | 5.8 | 1.4 ab |
| Primo | TW | 8 a | 7.0 | 1.00 | 0.45 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 4.0 a | 2.7 | 6.3 | 1.1 cd |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 9 a | 8.9 | 0.91 | 0.38 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.5 abc | 2.4 | 5.5 | 1.1 d |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 16 abc | 7.6 | 0.88 | 0.43 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.8 ab | 2.5 | 6.3 | 1.2 cd |
| C.V (%) | 42 | 13 | 7 | 15 | 16 | 26 | 12 | 16 | 8 | 11 | |
| Probability | 0.036 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.50 | 0.22 | 0.18 | 0.027 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.004 | |
Harvested Sept 15 |
|||||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 21 bc | 9.4 ab | 1.17 a | 0.56 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 6.0 | 3.1 a |
| CR 2566 | RG | 28 c | 10.0 ab | 1.01 cd | 0.51 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 5.8 | 1.8 cd |
| Crispy | PS | 27 c | 10.4 a | 1.14 ab | 0.45 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.1 bcd |
| Navajo | SS | 23 bc | 8.9 bc | 1.12 abc | 0.48 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.1 bcd |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 23 bc | 9.8 ab | 1.13 ab | 0.51 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.4 b |
| Primo | TW | 7 a | 7.7 c | 1.12 a-d | 0.44 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 6.0 | 1.7 d |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 14 ab | 9.6 ab | 1.05 bcd | 0.47 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.0 cd |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 17 ab | 8.9 bc | 1.00 d | 0.39 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 6.3 | 2.2 bc |
| C. V. (%) | 32 | 10 | 7 | 18 | 11 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 12 | |
| Probability | 0.007 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.09 | 0.86 | 0.80 | 0.0001 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
‡Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
¶Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
§Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. If no letters in column, then there are no significant differences between values in that column.
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Table 14. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 cello carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | US #1 carrots | Total yield | Total roots | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yield (by root diameter) | % of total yield | ||||||||
| >1.5" | 1.0 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | >1.0" | total | ||||
| tons/acre | % | tons/A | 1000s/A | ||||||
| Harvested Aug 5 | |||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 0 | 7.9 | 2.2 | 10.2 | 48 | 60 | 16.9 | 284 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 0 | 1.7 | 3.6 | 5.3 | 17 | 48 | 11.4 | 319 |
| Crispy | PS | 0 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 5.1 | 19 | 35 | 14.6 | 319 |
| Navajo | SS | 0 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 5.7 | 22 | 45 | 12.5 | 372 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 0 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 14 | 44 | 13.7 | 375 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 0 | 1.8 | 4.0 | 5.8 | 14 | 44 | 13.6 | 416 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 0 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 7.2 | 14 | 37 | 19.3 | 646 |
| LSD (0.05) | NS | 1.6 | NS | 2.6 | 10 | 13 | 4.1 | 132 | |
| C.V (%) | 33 | 38 | 27 | 32 | 19 | 19 | 23 | ||
| Probability | 0.0001 | 0.12 | 0.011 | 0.0001 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.0004 | ||
| Harvested Sept 15 | |||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 10.8 | 12.7 | 1.3 | 24.8 | 56 | 60 | 41.5 | 349 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 1.0 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 9.8 | 23 | 36 | 27.1 | 358 |
| Crispy | PS | 3.3 | 4.6 | 1.0 | 8.9 | 27 | 31 | 28.8 | 280 |
| Navajo | SS | 4.2 | 6.6 | 1.8 | 12.6 | 38 | 44 | 28.2 | 360 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 1.9 | 9.6 | 3.0 | 14.5 | 38 | 48 | 29.9 | 373 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 0.9 | 7.7 | 4.4 | 13.0 | 33 | 49 | 26.1 | 408 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 2.0 | 9.9 | 3.7 | 15.6 | 34 | 44 | 35.1 | 586 |
| LSD (0.05) | 1.7 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 4.9 | 11 | 13 | 5.3 | 107 | |
| C. V. (%) | 33 | 29 | 40 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 11 | 18 | |
| Probability | 0.0001 | 0.0012 | 0.0013 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.0001 | 0.0005 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
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Table 15. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 cello carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color‡ | Core color‡ | Con- trast¶ |
Uni- formity |
Overall score | US #1 size |
| % | inches | 1 to 4 | 1 to 5 | 1 to 10 | oz/root | ||||||
| Harvested Aug 5 | |||||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 22 | 8.3 | 1.06 | 0.55 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 6.3 | 2.4 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 24 | 8.8 | 0.98 | 0.49 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.9 |
| Crispy | PS | 48 | 9.6 | 1.05 | 0.52 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 6.3 | 2.2 |
| Navajo | SS | 34 | 8.4 | 0.98 | 0.56 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.7 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 32 | 8.3 | 0.91 | 0.45 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.9 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 24 | 7.8 | 0.94 | 0.42 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.6 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 33 | 8.4 | 0.99 | 0.43 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 6.1 | 1.4 |
| LSD (0.05) | 15 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | 0.5 | |
| C.V (%) | 31 | 11 | 7 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 14 | --- | 3 | 17 | |
| Probability | 0.024 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.17 | --- | 0.17 | 0.003 | |
Harvested Sept 15 |
|||||||||||
| Bolero | VL | 28 | 8.7 | 1.16 | 0.50 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 2.4 | 6.0 | 3.7 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 50 | 9.2 | 1.05 | 0.45 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 5.8 | 2.5 |
| Crispy | PS | 60 | 10.1 | 1.16 | 0.49 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 5.9 | 3.3 |
| Navajo | SS | 41 | 8.9 | 1.12 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.8 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 35 | 9.2 | 1.11 | 0.46 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 2.7 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 32 | 10.4 | 1.09 | 0.40 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 6.0 | 2.2 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 30 | 9.3 | 1.10 | 0.44 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.1 | 2.2 |
| LSD (0.05) | 12 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | 0.3 | NS | NS | 0.5 | |
| C. V. (%) | 21 | 12 | 8 | 17 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 12 | |
| Probability | 0.0002 | 0.30 | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0.065 | 0.065 | 0.033 | 0.37 | 0.70 | 0.0001 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
‡Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
¶Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
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Table 16. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 processing carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | US #1 carrots | Total yield | Total roots | |||||
| yield (by root diameter) | % of total yield | ||||||||
| >1.5" | 1.0 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | >1.0" | total | ||||
| tons/acre | % | tons/A | 1000s/A | ||||||
| Bolero | VL | 15.3 | 6.4 | 0.6 | 22.3 | 60 | 61 | 36.0 | 218 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 2.6 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 8.7 | 27 | 32 | 28.1 | 232 |
| Crispy | PS | 8.5 | 5.8 | 1.5 | 15.9 | 45 | 49 | 31.5 | 246 |
| Navajo | SS | 5.7 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 9.3 | 35 | 38 | 24.8 | 146 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 6.6 | 6.8 | 1.7 | 15.1 | 42 | 47 | 31.7 | 217 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 3.6 | 6.6 | 1.8 | 12.0 | 43 | 51 | 23.6 | 192 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 5.6 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 8.0 | 34 | 35 | 22.6 | 120 |
| LSD (0.05) | 4.2 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 5.7 | 14 | 16 | 5.3 | 73 | |
| C.V (%) | 41 | 34 | 57 | 29 | 24 | 24 | 13 | 25 | |
| Probability | 0.0001 | 0.002 | 0.0156 | 0.0005 | 0.0055 | 0.016 | 0.0003 | 0.015 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
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Table 17. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 processing carrot hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color‡ | Core color‡ | Con- trast¶ |
Uni- formity |
Overall score | US #1 size |
| % | inches | 1 to 4 | 1 to 5 | 1 to 10 | oz/root | ||||||
| Bolero | VL | 26 | 9.3 | 1.17 | 0.68 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 5.3 |
| CR 2566 | RG | 59 | 10.6 | 1.16 | 0.55 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Crispy | PS | 43 | 9.9 | 1.28 | 0.57 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 5.6 | 3.9 |
| Navajo | SS | 56 | 11.0 | 1.21 | 0.59 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 5.4 | 5.0 |
| Primecut 59 | SS | 41 | 11.4 | 1.21 | 0.50 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 4.7 |
| RCR 2567 | RG | 39 | 11.3 | 1.20 | 0.51 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 3.9 |
| RCR 1851A | RG | 59 | 10.2 | 1.20 | 0.54 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 5.4 | 5.7 |
| LSD (0.05) | 16 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
| C.V (%) | 23 | 12 | 8 | 18 | 20 | 20 | 16 | 24 | 7 | 23 | |
| Probability | 0.0022 | 0.21 | 0.71 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.82 | 0.92 | 0.069 | |
†See Appendix A for seed source code.
‡Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
¶Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 annual report