Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
BROCCOLI HYBRID
PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1999
Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann, and Heidi Eslinger
Broccoli can grow very well in North Dakota, but some years, if a hot day comes at just the wrong time, the beads develop unevenly and the heads are not marketable.
Table 5. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for broccoli.
Table 6. Stem and head characteristics for broccoli.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
| Soil: | Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.8; 2.3% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was medium. |
| Previous Crops: | 1998 - field corn; 1997 - oriental vegetable; 1996 - potato. |
| Seedbed
Preparation: |
Disked on 4 November 1998. Disked on April 12. Field cultivated twice to incorporate fertilizer and herbicide on April 12. |
| Fertilizer: | On April 7, broadcast 15 lbs N/acre and 75 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 99 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 40 lbs and 70 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on April 12 and June 7, respectively. |
| Planting: | Direct seeded broccoli on April 19 with a Stanhay vegetable planter modified to drill barley (1 bu/acre, 6-inch rows) between and parallel to the broccoli rows. Seeds were about 5 inches apart in 16-inch rows. Seeds were placed ½ to ¾ inch deep into a flat, fine seedbed. |
| Plots: | Each plot was two rows (3 ft) wide by 17 ft long. |
| Irrigation: | Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
| Pest Control: | Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1 pt/acre applied preplant incorporated on April 12), Poast + Dash (1.5 pt/acre + 1 qt/50 gal on May 21) and by hand weeding. Asana (8 oz/acre on June 29), and Agree (1 lb/acre on June 16, July 7, July 16 and July 26) controlled cabbage looper and cabbage worm. |
| Harvest: | The primary heads were hand harvested from July 13 until July 27. Secondary heads were not harvested. |
We only had two entries in the broccoli performance trial this year. Neither of the two hybrids looked very good. The heads were too loose and did not have a nice dome shape. We cannot recommend either of the hybrids for production in North Dakota.
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Table 5. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 broccoli hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | Early stand | Days to harvest‡ | Harvest spread¶ | Number of heads | Yield | Hollow stem | Leaf penetration§ | Overall score |
| 1000s/A | days | 1000s/A | 1000 lb/A | % | 0 to 3 | 1 to 10 | |||
| Montecristo | AT | 56 | 94 | 10 | 20.9 | 7.8 | 8 | 0 | 2.5 |
| Windsor | RG | 67 | 92 | 14 | 28.8 | 9.2 | 0 | 0 | 3.1 |
| C. V. (%) | 6 | 3 | 25 | 6 | 15 | 97 | - | 36 | |
| Probability | 0.02 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.005 | 0.22 | 0.06 | - | 0.45 | |
†See appendix A for seed source codes.
‡Average days from planting to harvest.
¶Days between first and last harvest.
§Leaf penetration of head: 0=none, 3=heavy.
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Table 6. Stem and head characteristics for broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 broccoli hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source† | Stem diameter | Head | Bead | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| size | width | shape‡ | color¶ | density§ | size†† | uniformity‡‡ | |||
| inches | oz/head | inches | 1 to 4 | 2 to 5 | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | ||
| Montecristo | AT | 1.1 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 1.5 |
| Windsor | RG | 1.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 1.8 | 4.0 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.7 |
| C. V. (%) | 7 | 16 | 1 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 11 | |
| Probability | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.68 | 0.06 | 0.77 | 0.18 | 0.27 | |
†See appendix A for seed source codes.
‡Head shape: 4=high dome; 3=dome; 2=flat; 1=sunken.
¶Head color: 2=yellow green; 3 to 4 = medium to dark green; 5=blue green.
§Head density: 1=loose, 2=medium, 3=solid.
††Bead size: 1=small, 2=medium, 3=large.
‡‡Bead uniformity: the higher the number, the more uniform the beads.
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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1999 annual report