Oakes Irrigation Research Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701) 742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu

BROCCOLI HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1997

Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann, and Heidi Kerlin

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Table 5. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for crown cut broccoli.

Table 6. Stem and head characteristics for crown cut broccoli.

Table 7. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for regular cut broccoli.

Table 8. Stem and head characteristics for regular cut broccoli.

Broccoli is marketed as regular cut (crown plus stem) or crown cut (just the crown). The regular cut is most popular in the United States. The Asian market prefers crown cut broccoli. In this test, we harvested varieties with both a regular cut and a crown cut.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Soil: Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.3; 2.7% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was very low.
Previous Crops: 1996 - carrot; 1995 - field corn; 1994 - potato and soybean.
Seedbed Preparation: Disked on May 2 . Multiweeded (field cultivated) three times: once on May 5 to incorporate fertilizer; and twice on May 9 to incorporate herbicide.
Fertilizer: On April 23, broadcast 14 lbs N/acre and 70 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 16 lbs N/acre and 19 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 94 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 50 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on May 5. Fertigated 52 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on July 15.
Planting: Direct seeded on May 13 with a Stanhay vegetable planter. Seeds were spaced 5.5 inches apart in 16-inch rows. Seeds were placed ½ to 3/4 inch deep into a flat, fine seedbed.
Plots: Each plot was two rows (3 ft) wide by 17 ft long.
Irrigation: Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.
Pest Control: Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1 pt/acre applied preplant incorporated on May 9), Dacthal (8 lbs/acre on June 5), Poast + Dash (1.5 pt/acre + 1 qt/acre on June 13) and by hand weeding. Asana (6 oz/acre on July 22), and DiPel (1 lb/acre on July 15, July 21, July 28, Aug 4, and Aug 21) controlled cabbage looper and cabbage worm.
Harvest: The primary heads were hand harvested from July 17 until Aug 18. Secondary heads were not harvested.

RESULTS

Majestic and Legacy were the top hybrids. SAI S-210 looked the best but did not have a high yield.

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Table 5. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for crown cut broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1997 broccoli hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed source Days to harvest Harvest spread§ Number of heads Yield Hollow stem Leaf penetration Overall score
days 1000s/acre 1000 lb /acre % 0 to 3 1 to 10
Everest RG 72 a†† 13 a 25.9 a 9.7 2 a 0.6 b 5.9 ab
Regal FM 72 a 17 ab 24.5 a 8.6 79 b 0.0 a 5.7 abc
SAI S-210 SK 79 b 17 ab 15.6 b 6.5 9 a 0.2 a 6.4 a
Barbados FM 82 c 18 bc 30.1 a 8.0 18 a 0.0 a 5.1 c
Titleist AT 86 d 19 bc 26.2 a 9.8 4 a 0.0 a 5.2 bc
Majestic AS 87 d 23 c 28.1 a 9.8 11 a 0.1 a 6.0 a
Legacy AS 92 e 16 ab 20.9 ab 10.3 76 b 0.7 b 5.9 abc
C.V. (%) 2 19 23 21 37 76 9

See appendix A for seed source codes.

Average days from planting to harvest.

§Days between first and last harvest.

Leaf penetration of head: 0=none, 3=heavy.

††Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No significant differences between values in the same column if there are no letters on that column.

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Table 6. Stem and head characteristics for crown cut broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1997 broccoli hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed source

Stem diameter

Head

Bead

size width shape color§ density size†† uniform‡‡
inches oz/head inches 1 to 4 3 to 5 1 to 3 1 to 3 1 to 3
Everest

RG

1.14 cd§§ 6.1 bc 5.2 2.3 bc 4.9 a 2.1 c 1.8 bc 1.8 b
Regal

FM

1.22 bc 5.6 c 4.8 2.5 b 4.5 a 2.1 c 2.1 c 1.8 b
SAI S-210

SK

1.25 abc 7.1 ab 5.1 3.0 a 3.6 b 2.6 ab 2.1 c 1.7 b
Barbados

FM

1.06 d 4.3 d 4.9 2.3 bc 4.9 a 1.9 c 2.2 c 1.7 b
Titleist

AT

1.25 ab 6.0 bc 5.0 2.0 c 3.3 b 2.3 bc 1.8 bc 1.8 b
Majestic

AS

1.17 bcd 5.7 c 5.0 2.7 ab 4.8 a 2.8 a 1.5 ab 1.8 b
Legacy

AS

1.34 a 7.9 a 5.1 2.6 b 4.8 a 2.9 a 1.1 a 2.6 a
C.V. (%) 6 12 4 10 9 10 14 12

See appendix A for seed source codes.

Head shape: 4=high dome; 3=dome; 2=flat; 1=sunken.

§Head color: 3 to 4 = medium to dark green; 5=blue green.

Head density: 1=loose, 2=medium, 3=solid.

††Bead size: 1=small, 2=medium, 3=large.

‡‡Bead uniformity: the higher the number, the more uniform the beads.

§§Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No significant differences between values in the same column if there are no letters on that column.

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Table 7. Days to harvest, yield, and some quality characteristics for regular cut broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1997 broccoli hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed source Days to harvest Harvest spread§ Number of heads Yield Hollow stem Leaf penetration Overall score
days 1000s/acre 1000 lb /acre % 0 to 3 1 to 10
Regal FM 73 a†† 21 25.0 b 12.0 bcd 51 c 0.0 a 5.8 b
Everest RG 77 b 24 23.5 b 11.3 cd 4 a 0.3 a 5.7 b
Barbados FM 81 c 17 32.9 a 12.8 abc 8 a 0.0 a 5.3 bc
SAI S-210 SK 82 c 19 15.2 c 9.3 d 2 a 0.2 a 6.8 a
Titleist AT 85 d 19 25.7 b 14.4 ab 5 a 0.2 a 5.0 c
Majestic AS 86 d 17 26.7 b 15.2 a 12 ab 0.1 a 6.7 a
Legacy AS 92 e 15 21.4 bc 14.1 ab 28 b 1.2 b 5.8 b
C.V. (%) 2 24 17 14 73 79 8

See appendix A for seed source codes.

Average days from planting to harvest.

§Days between first and last harvest.

Leaf penetration of head: 0=none, 3=heavy.

††Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No significant differences between values in the same column if there are no letters on that column.

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Table 8. Stem and head characteristics for regular cut broccoli in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1997 broccoli hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source Stem diameter Head Bead
size width shape color§ density size†† uniform‡‡
inches oz/head inches 1 to 4 1 to 5 1 to 3 1 to 3 1 to 3
Regal FM 1.24 bc 7.8 cd 4.9 2.6 bcd 4.5 ab 2.0 cd 2.1 d 2.0 c
Everest RG 1.15 cd 7.7 cd 5.1 2.4 cde 4.8 a 1.9 d 1.8 c 1.9 c
Barbados FM 1.12 d 6.3 d 5.0 2.3 de 4.8 a 1.8 d 2.2 d 1.6 d
SAI S-210 SK 1.36 ab 9.6 ab 5.1 3.1 a 5.0 a 2.6 ab 1.9 c 2.0 bc
Titleist AT 1.31 b 9.4 b 5.0 2.1 e 3.1 c 2.4 bc 1.8 c 1.9 c
Majestic AS 1.43 a 9.1 bc 5.0 2.9 ab 4.5 ab 2.9 a 1.4 b 2.2 b
Legacy AS 1.43 a 10.9 a 5.1 2.8 abc 4.1 b 3.0 a 1.1 a 2.7 a
C.V. (%) 6 11 4 10 10 12 11 8

Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. No significant differences between values in the same column if there are no letters on that column.

See appendix A for seed source codes.

Head shape: 4=high dome; 3=dome; 2=flat; 1=sunken.

§Head color: 3 to 4 = medium to dark green; 5=blue green.

Head density: 1=loose, 2=medium, 3=solid.

††Bead size: 1=small, 2=medium, 3=large.

‡‡Bead uniformity: the higher the number, the more uniform the beads.

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