Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
PEPPER HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL
Richard G Greenland and Leonard Besemann
Peppers generally grow well in southern North Dakota. In cool years yields and quality may be reduced. This replicated trial had 12 sweet pepper hybrids and 5 hot pepper hybrids.
Table 44. Quantity and yield of sweet peppers.
Table 45. Quality of sweet peppers.
Table 46. Cumulative yields of marketable (US Fancy plus US #1) and total sweet peppers.
Table 47. Quantity and yield of hot peppers.
Table 48. Cumulative yields of marketable (US Fancy plus US #1) and total hot peppers.
Table 49. Quality of hot peppers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
| Soil: | Hecla sandy loam and Embden sandy loam; pH=6.9; 3.0% organic matter; soil-P was very high; soil-K was high; soil-S was very low. |
| Previous crop: | 1995 - squash; 1994 - edible bean; 1993 - field corn. |
| Seedbed preparation: | Disked on May 22. Multiweeded twice on May 29 to incorporate herbicide and once on June 6 to prepare seedbed. |
| Planting: | Peppers were seeded in the greenhouse on April 15. Plants were hand transplanted on June 6 (sweet) and June 7 (hot). Row spacing was 3 ft. In-row spacing was 12 inches. As it was planted, each plant received ½ pint of fertilizer solution (1 gal 10-34-0 in 100 gal of water). |
| Plots: | Plots were 17 ft long by 3 ft (one row) wide. There were 4 reps. |
| Fertilizer: | On April 17, broadcast 14 lbs N/acre and 70 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 16 lbs N/acre and 19 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 94 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 30 lbs of N/acre as 28-0-0 on May 22. Fertilized 90 lbs N/acre as urea on July 15. |
| Irrigation: | Surface drip irrigation as needed. |
| Pest control: | Weeds were controlled by Treflan (1 pt/acre on May 29), and by hand weeding. Malathion (1.5 pt/acre on August 1) for insect control. |
| Harvest: | Harvested 5 times from Aug. 8 to Sept. 19. |
RESULTS
Sweet pepper yields were down this year but quality was good. Belle Star did well again this year. It is earlier and has a thicker wall, making it a good choice for shipping. Renegade and Admiral also looked good for the second year in a row. Apple was excellent. It is a smaller, specialty pepper. Camelot, Acapulco, and Bonanza were the biggest peppers.
Most hot peppers had higher yields than the sweet peppers. Of the two Anaheim type peppers, TMR23 yielded slightly more and Joe E. Parker had a thicker wall. Otherwise they were very similar. Twist Green and Long Green are oriental type peppers. Long Green is longer and fairly smooth. Twist Green is short and very wrinkled. Both produced excellent peppers. The Habanero is a late, very hot, pepper that is not well adapted to North Dakota conditions.
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Table 44. Quantity and yield of sweet peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source1 | Number of sweet peppers | Sweet pepper yield | ||||||
| fancy | #1's | #2's | total | fancy | #1's | #2's | total | ||
| ------------- 1000s per acre --------- | ------------- 1000 lbs per acre ------------ | ||||||||
| Belle Star | FM | 31.2 | 25.8 | 4.1 | 61.7 | 10.3 | 7.1 | 0.8 | 18.4 |
| Renegade | ##(AS) | 40.4 | 14.9 | 4.9 | 61.9 | 12.9 | 4.4 | 1.3 | 18.9 |
| Admiral | ##(RNK) | 28.2 | 18.6 | 5.3 | 55.3 | 11.0 | 5.9 | 1.5 | 19.4 |
| Acapulco | VL | 26.3 | 20.5 | 6.8 | 58.7 | 10.9 | 5.9 | 1.5 | 19.9 |
| Guardian | ##(RNK) | 30.1 | 15.4 | 3.2 | 50.2 | 11.1 | 4.6 | 0.9 | 17.0 |
| Apple | JS | 81.8 | 10.0 | 1.5 | 95.7 | 13.1 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 14.5 |
| Bonanza | JS | 26.1 | 16.2 | 4.3 | 50.6 | 9.2 | 4.5 | 1.0 | 15.8 |
| Vanguard | JS | 23.7 | 17.3 | 5.3 | 49.3 | 8.1 | 5.6 | 1.3 | 15.8 |
| Gusto | FM | 23.1 | 14.7 | 4.5 | 44.4 | 8.2 | 5.0 | 1.2 | 15.0 |
| Figaro | VL | 19.4 | 20.1 | 8.1 | 49.3 | 7.3 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 15.2 |
| Camelot | ##(PS) | 24.3 | 8.8 | 4.5 | 39.3 | 9.8 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 14.4 |
| Lipstick | JS | 62.1 | 8.5 | 5.1 | 77.5 | 7.6 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 9.3 |
| LSD (0.05) | 13.3 | 9.8 | NS | 18.6 | 3.5 | 2.7 | NS | 4.7 | |
| C.V. (%) | 27 | 43 | 73 | 22 | 24 | 42 | 62 | 20 | |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 45. Quality of sweet peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source1 | Fruit shape2 | Fruit length | Fruit width | Outside color3 | Fruit size | Wall thickness | Uni- formity4 |
Overall score5 |
| 1 to 3 | ------ inches ------ | 6 to 7 | oz/fruit | mm | 1 to 3 | 1 to 10 | |||
| Belle Star | FM | 1.2 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 6.8 | 2.2 | 6.2 |
| Renegade | ##(AS) | 1.1 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 6.4 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 2.2 | 6.0 |
| Admiral | ##(RNK) | 1.1 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 6.2 |
| Acapulco | VL | 1.2 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 6.8 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 2.6 | 7.2 |
| Guardian | ##(RNK) | 1.0 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 6.4 |
| Apple | JS | 2.9 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 6.7 | 2.4 | 5.4 | 2.8 | 7.4 |
| Bonanza | JS | 1.3 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 6.0 | 2.3 | 6.5 |
| Vanguard | JS | 1.0 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 2.3 | 6.1 |
| Gusto | FM | 1.0 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 5.9 |
| Figaro | VL | 1.3 | 4.1 | 2.9 | 6.8 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 2.3 | 6.8 |
| Camelot | ##(PS) | 1.2 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 5.9 |
| Lipstick | JS | 2.7 | 4.0 | 1.8 | 6.5 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 2.5 | 6.7 |
| LSD (0.05) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.7 | |
| C.V. (%) | 14 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 7 | |
1See appendix A for source codes.
2Fruit shape - 1 is blocky; 2 is elongated; 3 is tapered.
3Outside color - 6 is medium green; 7 is dark green. The higher the number the darker green the pepper.
4Uniformity - The higher the number the more uniform.
5Overall score - Overall score includes looks and taste, but not yield. The higher the number the better the pepper.
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Table 46. Cumulative yields of marketable (US Fancy plus US #1) and total sweet peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial. Peppers are listed in order of maturity.
| Hybrid | Seed source1 | Cumulative marketable yields of sweet peppers as of: | Cumulative total yields of sweet peppers as of: | ||||||||
| Aug 8 | Aug 15 | Aug 22 | Aug 29 | Sep 18 | Aug 8 | Aug 15 | Aug 22 | Aug 29 | Sep 18 | ||
--------------------------------------------1000 lbs per acre ----------------------------------- |
|||||||||||
| Belle Star | FM | 3.7 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 17.4 | 3.7 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 11.0 | 18.4 |
| Renegade | ##(AS) | 4.7 | 9.7 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 17.2 | 5.2 | 10.4 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 18.9 |
| Admiral | ##(RNK) | 3.6 | 7.1 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 16.9 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 19.4 |
| Acapulco | VL | 0.9 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 16.8 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 19.9 |
| Guardian | ##(RNK) | 2.7 | 6.2 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 15.6 | 2.9 | 6.5 | 8.8 | 9.9 | 17.0 |
| Apple | JS | 3.2 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 14.1 | 3.2 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 14.5 |
| Bonanza | JS | 1.3 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 13.7 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 15.8 |
| Vanguard | JS | 1.7 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 13.7 | 1.7 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 15.8 |
| Gusto | FM | 2.8 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 13.3 | 2.9 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 15.0 |
| Figaro | VL | 0.5 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 13.1 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 15.2 |
| Camelot | ##(PS) | 2.8 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 12.4 | 3.4 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 14.4 |
| Lipstick | JS | 1.3 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 8.6 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 9.3 |
| LSD (0.05) | 1.6 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4.7 | |
| C.V. (%) | 47 | 32 | 36 | 37 | 21 | 47 | 32 | 36 | 34 | 20 | |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 47. Quantity and yield of hot peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial.
| Hybrid | Seed source1 | Number of hot peppers | Hot pepper yield | ||||||
| fancy | #1's | #2's | total | fancy | #1's | #2's | total | ||
| -------------- 1000s per acre ------------ | ------------- 1000 lbs per acre ----------- | ||||||||
| Anaheim TMR23 | ##(PS) | 206 | 21 | 11 | 255 | 24.1 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 28.9 |
| Joe E. Parker | RP | 125 | 17 | 4 | 151 | 19.5 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 22.9 |
| Twist Green | HN | 808 | 53 | 29 | 896 | 19.0 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 20.4 |
| Long Green | HN | 421 | 49 | 25 | 501 | 16.0 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 18.5 |
| Habanero | ##(PS) | 113 | 0 | 1 | 115 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 |
| LSD (0.05) | 117 | 27 | 9 | 138 | 6.7 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 7.5 | |
| C.V. (%) | 23 | 63 | 39 | 23 | 27 | 43 | 31 | 26 | |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 48. Cumulative yields of marketable (US Fancy plus US #1) and total hot peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial.
| Name | Seed source1 | Cumulative marketable yields of hot peppers as of: | Cumulative total yields of hot peppers as of: | ||||||||
| Aug 8 | Aug 15 | Aug 22 | Aug 29 | Sep 16 | Aug 8 | Aug 15 | Aug 22 | Aug 29 | Sep 16 | ||
---------------------------------------- 1000 lbs per acre --------------------------------- |
|||||||||||
| Anaheim TMR23 | ##(PS) | 1.1 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 6.2 | 26.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 6.7 | 28.9 |
| Joe E. Parker | RP | 0.8 | 1.6 | 3.3 | 6.8 | 21.6 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 7.1 | 22.9 |
| Twist Green | HN | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 19.9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 20.4 |
| Long Green | HN | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 17.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 2.2 | 18.5 |
| Habanero | ##(PS) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 |
| LSD (0.05) | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 7.5 | |
| C.V. (%) | 52 | 56 | 56 | 43 | 27 | 41 | 52 | 57 | 46 | 26 | |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 49. Quality of hot peppers in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 pepper hybrid performance trial.
| Name | Seed source1 | Fruit length | Fruit width | Fruit size | Wall thickness | Uni- formity2 |
Overall score3 |
| -------inches------- | oz/fruit | mm | 1 to 3 | 1 to 10 | |||
| Anaheim TMR23 | ##(PS) | 7.2 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 6.7 |
| Joe E. Parker | RP | 7.1 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 6.9 |
| Twist Green | HN | 3.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 6.9 |
| Long Green | HN | 5.9 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 6.9 |
| Habanero | ##(PS) | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 7.6 |
| LSD (0.05) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.0 | NS | 0.5 | |
| C.V. (%) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 22 | 10 | 4 | |
1See appendix A for
source codes.
2Uniformity - The higher the number the more uniform.
3Overall score - Overall score includes looks but not yield. The
higher the number the better the pepper.
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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1996 annual report