Oakes Irrigation Research Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701) 742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu

CARROT HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1996

Richard G Greenland and Leonard Besemann

In North Dakota, carrots grow very well and commercial carrot production is increasing rapidly. Carrots have greater commercial production potential than any other vegetable. We tested baby carrots (both true and cut and peel); cello types, jumbos, and processing types.

Result summary

Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 7.

Table 14. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 7.

Table 15. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 21.

Table 16. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 21.

Table 17. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on September 4.

Table 18. Root characteristics for carrots harvested September 4.

Table 19. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on October 25.

Table 20. Root characteristics for carrots harvested October 25.

Table 21. Quality data for carrots harvested October 25.

Table 22. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed for true baby carrot production. Harvested July 16 and 17.

Table 23. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed for true baby carrot production. Harvested July 16 and 17.

Table 24. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed for true baby carrot production. Harvested July 26.

Table 25. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed for true baby carrot production. Harvested July 26.

Table 26. US #1 yields, total yields, and total numbers of carrots planted from raw seed and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots.

Table 27. US #2 yield, and root characteristics and size of US #1 carrots planted from raw seed and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Soil: Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.4; 2.6% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low.
Previous crop: 1995 - field corn; 1994 - potato; 1993 - small grain.
Seedbed Preparation: Flailed cornstalks April 15. Subsoiled April 24. Disked April 26 and May 3. Multiweeded (field cultivated) four times; once on May 6 and twice on May 7 to incorporate herbicide and to smooth the seedbed, and once very shallow on May 13 after rains packed the ground.
Planting: Direct seeded pelleted carrot seeds on May 13 for cello, jumbo, and processing type carrots with a Stanhay vegetable planter. Planting pattern was paired rows (3 inches between rows in the pair) on 16-inch centers seeded at about 500,000 seeds/acre for cello and jumbo carrots and about 400,000 for the processing carrots. Four complete trials were planted: one to be harvested early, one mid-early, one mid-late, and the last one to be harvested just before freeze up for the processing market. Planted raw seed for cut and peel and true baby carrots on May 16. Planting pattern for true baby carrots was paired rows (3 inches between rows in the pair) on 8 inch centers seeded at about 2.2 million seeds/acre. Two complete true baby carrot trials were planted, one harvested early and one late. The one cut and peel baby carrot trial was planted with raw seed in paired rows on 16-inch centers at about 600,000 seeds/acre.
Plots: Plots were 17 ft long by 3 ft wide. There were 4 reps.
Fertilizer: On April 17, broadcast 14 lbs N/acre and 70 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 16 lbs N/acre and 19 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 94 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 35 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on May 3. Side dressed with urea at 75 lbs N/acre on June 19 and 55 lb N/acre on July 9.
Irrigation: Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.
Pest control: Weeds were controlled by Treflan (1.5 pts/acre on May 7 preplant incorporated), Lorox (1 lb/acre on May 20, 2 lbs/acre on June 21), Fusilade + COC (0.75 pt/acre + 1 pt/25 gal) and by hand weeding. Asana (8 oz/acre on July 9, July 12, and July 31) was used to control leaf hoppers.
Harvest: The early harvests (for fresh market) were on Aug. 7, Aug. 21, and Sep. 4. The late harvest (for processing) was on Oct. 25. The cut and peel baby carrot harvest was on Aug. 21. The true baby carrot harvests were on July 16 and 17, and on July 26. Yields, etc. were taken from a five-foot section of one row harvested from each plot except the baby carrots where two rows per plot were harvested.

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Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 7 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 US #1 carrots US #2 yield Total yield Total roots
yield (by root diameter) % of total
>1.5" 1 to 1.5" ¾ to 1" total
--------------- tons/acre ----------- % --- tons/acre --- 1000s/A
Artist JS 5.7 6.4 0.2 12.3 57 2.9 21.1 337
Avenger PS 0.2 3.6 0.6 4.3 29 1.9 15.7 341
Berlina FM 3.4 2.0 0.1 5.5 33 5.0 16.6 276
Bolero JS 2.9 1.9 0.1 4.9 30 9.2 17.5 387
Bolero VL 6.1 3.9 0.2 10.3 49 4.1 20.5 323
Crusader FM 4.2 2.0 0.0 6.2 42 2.3 14.6 188
Legend PS 0.8 3.1 0.5 4.4 33 1.1 13.2 310
Mistral FM 6.2 3.0 0.0 9.1 41 2.5 20.9 270
Nelson JS 5.7 4.1 0.0 9.8 39 11.6 24.9 319
LSD (0.05) 4.2 2.6 0.4 NS NS 4.1 4.0 57
C.V. (%) 74 53 144 53 52 62 15 13

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 14. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 7 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Multiple root Average length Root diameter Core diameter Cortex color2 Core color2 Contrast3 US #1 size
% ----------- inches --------- ---- 1 to 4 --- 1 to 5 oz/root
Artist JS 17 7.0 1.0 0.41 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.5 bcd
Avenger PS 56 7.7 0.9 0.44 3.0 2.5 3.3 1.7 e
Berlina FM 31 6.1 1.1 0.56 3.0 2.5 4.0 2.8 bc
Bolero JS 15 6.8 1.0 0.51 3.0 2.3 4.0 2.3 d
Bolero VL 27 6.6 1.1 0.56 3.0 2.0 4.0 2.5 cd
Crusader FM 40 6.5 1.2 0.60 3.0 2.5 3.5 3.0 ab
Legend PS 55 7.7 1.0 0.46 3.0 3.0 3.3 1.6 e
Mistral FM 44 5.2 1.2 0.49 2.8 2.3 4.0 2.9 bc
Nelson JS 8 7.2 1.2 0.54 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.5 a
LSD (0.05) 26 NS NS NS NS 0.6 0.7 *
C.V. (%) 55 63 13 21 9 17 13 13

1See appendix A for source codes.

2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.

3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.

*Values in this column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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Table 15. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 21 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 US #1 carrots US #2 yield Total yield Total roots
yield (by root diameter) % of total
>1.5" 1 to 1.5" ¾ to 1" total
--------------- tons/acre ----------- % --- tons/acre --- 1000s/A
Artist JS 16.2 3.0 0.0 19.6 59 6.4 33.2 374
Avenger PS 8.8 6.0 0.4 15.2 53 2.1 29.1 368
Berlina FM 16.1 4.5 0.0 21.3 70 5.0 30.4 307
Bolero JS 15.9 5.3 0.1 21.3 60 6.2 35.9 441
Bolero VL 17.6 3.7 0.0 21.2 63 4.5 33.5 353
Crusader FM 13.9 2.8 0.1 16.8 68 3.1 24.3 265
Legend PS 14.1 6.5 0.4 21.0 65 2.1 32.0 441
Mistral FM 12.5 3.2 0.0 15.7 54 2.5 29.2 260
Nelson JS 23.0 5.2 0.0 28.7 83 1.8 34.8 302
LSD (0.05) 7.0 NS 0.3 6.9 NS 3.1 6.4 82
C.V. (%) 31 53 183 24 23 57 14 16

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 16. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 21 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Multiple root Average length Root diameter Core diameter Cortex color2 Core color2 Contrast3 US #1 size
% ----------- inches --------- ---- 1 to 4 --- 1 to 5 oz/root
Artist JS 21 6.3 1.2 0.44 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.4
Avenger PS 40 8.1 1.1 0.47 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9
Berlina FM 13 6.8 1.3 0.72 2.5 2.3 3.8 4.0
Bolero JS 23 6.3 1.2 0.50 3.0 2.6 3.0 3.2
Bolero VL 22 6.3 1.2 0.57 3.0 2.5 3.5 3.6
Crusader FM 19 6.2 1.2 0.50 3.0 2.5 3.5 3.5
Legend PS 25 7.4 1.1 0.40 3.0 2.3 3.8 3.0
Mistral FM 37 6.3 1.2 0.46 2.8 2.8 3.5 4.4
Nelson JS 10 7.1 1.3 0.53 2.8 2.8 3.3 4.1
LSD (0.05) 16 NS 0.1 0.17 NS NS NS 0.8
C.V. (%) 46 14 8 23 13 18 16 15

1See appendix A for source codes.

2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.

3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.

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Table 17. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on September 4 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 US #1 carrots US #2 yield Total yield Total roots
yield (by root diameter) % of total
>1.5" 1 to 1.5" ¾ to 1" total
--------------- tons/acre ----------- % --- tons/acre --- 1000s/A
Artist JS 23.1 9.4 0.2 32.8 69.9 2.6 46.7 390
Avenger PS 16.3 10.1 0.2 26.6 64.3 2.6 41.6 392
Berlina FM 25.7 4.2 0.0 30.6 71.5 3.3 42.3 301
Bolero JS 14.4 3.6 0.0 18.0 39.7 13.0 44.7 485
Bolero VL 21.2 3.3 0.1 24.6 53.0 6.5 45.9 369
Crusader FM 11.1 2.3 0.0 13.5 40.3 5.2 34.2 307
Legend PS 11.9 8.6 0.8 21.3 53.0 4.1 40.2 444
Mistral FM 12.6 3.1 0.1 15.7 44.0 2.7 35.9 263
Nelson JS 15.9 6.3 0.0 22.3 53.6 6.4 41.3 358
LSD(0.05) 9.3 3.6 0.5 10.1 17 3.8 NS 78
C.V.(%) 38 44 201 30 22 51 18 15

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 18. Root characteristics for carrots harvested September 4 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Multiple root Average length Root diameter Core diameter Uniformity US #1 size Overall score
% -------------inches-------------- 1 to 5 oz/root 1 to 10
Artist JS 16 6.5 1.7 0.71 3.8 4.2 7.3
Avenger PS 24 7.1 1.6 0.77 3.8 4.0 7.0
Berlina FM 13 7.1 1.8 1.06 3.5 5.6 6.3
Bolero JS 21 6.0 1.6 0.75 3.0 4.3 5.8
Bolero VL 25 5.9 1.7 0.87 3.3 4.6 6.8
Crusader FM 33 5.9 1.7 0.67 2.6 4.0 5.5
Legend PS 28 6.5 1.6 0.67 3.3 3.5 6.5
Mistral FM 42 5.7 1.8 0.85 3.4 4.7 7.0
Nelson JS 8 5.7 1.6 0.70 3.5 4.3 6.0
LSD (0.05) 10 0.6 NS 0.19 0.7 0.9 NS
C.V. (%) 30 7 11 17 13 14 12

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 19. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on October 25 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 US #1 carrots Total yield Total roots
yield (by root diameter) % of total
>2.5" 1.5 to 2.5" 1 to 1.5" total
---------------- tons/acre ----------------- % tons/acre 1000s/A
Artist JS 2.5 23.0 3.4 32.1 69 46.9 258
Avenger PS 1.4 21.1 3.2 27.4 58 47.5 253
Berlina FM 2.0 17.4 0.8 21.0 55 38.6 150
Bolero JS 0.0 23.4 2.4 30.5 61 49.7 307
Bolero VL 2.9 15.3 0.4 20.9 50 46.3 201
Crusader FM 1.4 19.0 1.8 23.8 73 32.7 175
Legend PS 4.0 21.9 2.2 30.6 68 44.7 258
Mistral FM 2.3 10.5 0.7 14.1 44 32.7 144
Nelson JS 0.0 21.7 1.9 24.5 50 49.1 229
LSD (0.05) NS 7.4 NS 8.4 16 NS 69
C.V. (%) 171 26 89 23 19 22 22

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 20. Root characteristics for carrots harvested October 25 in the 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Multiple root Average length Root diameter Core diameter US #1 size Overall score
% ---------------- inches ------------- oz/root 1 to 10
Artist JS 22 6.6 1.9 0.93 6.1 8.3
Avenger PS 38 7.9 1.9 0.88 6.1 8.0
Berlina FM 31 6.8 2.1 1.22 8.3 7.3
Bolero JS 25 6.6 2.0 1.19 6.1 7.8
Bolero VL 41 6.5 2.1 1.20 7.3 7.0
Crusader FM 18 6.7 2.2 1.09 6.7 7.5
Legend PS 26 7.1 2.1 1.04 6.8 7.5
Mistral FM 48 6.3 1.9 1.01 7.4 7.3
Nelson JS 12 6.6 2.0 0.95 6.6 7.5
LSD (0.05) 18 NS 0.2 0.19 NS NS
C.V. (%) 42 10 6 12 19 8

1See appendix A for source codes.

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Table 21. Quality data for carrots harvested October 25 in the 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Sugar NO3 K+ pH Taste2
cortex core
-----------%----------- ---------ppm--------- 1 to 5
Artist JS 10.6 9.8 7800 2767 6.16 4
Avenger PS 10.7 9.7 3525 2900 6.17 5
Berlina FM 9.5 9.3 >10000 2433 6.24 5
Bolero JS 10.6 9.4 5350 2733 6.18 5
Bolero VL 11.2 10.0 6950 2633 7.02 4
Crusader FM 10.5 9.8 5675 3367 6.15 3
Legend PS 10.8 9.8 5967 2633 6.15 5
Mistral FM 10.4 9.6 3700 2467 6.26 5
Nelson JS 8.7 8.0 7867 2767 6.21 5

1See appendix A for source codes.

2Taste - 1 to 5 with 5=best.

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Table 22. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 16 and 17.
Hybrid Seed source2 US #1 yield US #1 as % of total Yield of carrots <2" long Total yield Total roots/acre US #1 size
tons/acre % ------tons/acre ---- 1000s oz/root
Apache SS 3.6 bc3 38 c 5.1 abc 9.2 bcd 1180 a 0.53 cd
Babette VL 6.8 a 61 a 3.4 de 11.2 a 860 c 0.69 a
Bambina FM 7.6 a 69 a 2.7 e 10.9 ab 1001 abc 0.53 cd
Berlina FM 4.7 b 60 ab 2.5 e 7.7 de 819 cd 0.58 bcd
Cheyenne SS 3.3 bc 47 bc 3.6 de 7.2 e 643 d 0.67 ab
Choctaw SS 3.7 bc 43 c 4.6 a-d 8.5 cde 1096 ab 0.58 a-d
Comanche SS 3.5 bc 39 c 5.2 abc 9.1 cd 954 bc 0.63 abc
Navajo SS 2.3 cd 33 c 4.4 bcd 6.9 e 1015 abc 0.53 cd
Primecut SS 3.6 bc 38 c 5.1 abc 9.2 bcd 1092 ab 0.58 bcd
Sugarsnax SS 1.4 d 17 d 5.8 a 7.5 de 1190 a 0.55 cd
Terminator FM 2.7 cd 37 c 4.3 cd 7.3 e 1080 ab 0.48 d
Tripleplay SS 3.8 bc 39 c 5.6 ab 9.7 abc 1088 ab 0.60 abc
C.V. (%) 30 23 20 14 15 12

1We asked seed companies for raw seed to plant the true and the cut and peel baby carrot trial. We asked for pelleted seed to plant the cello, jumbo, and processing type carrot trials. We received raw seed for the hybrids in tables 22 to 27. We planted them for baby carrot production even though some are not intended for that purpose.

2See appendix A for source codes.

3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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Table 23. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 16 and 17.
Hybrid Seed source2 Multiple roots Average length Root diameter Core diameter Cortex color3 Core color3 Cortex/core contrast4
% ------------- inches ----------- -----1 to 4 ---- 1 to 5
Apache SS 5 6.8 0.70 bcd5 0.35 abc 2.5 2.0 4.0
Babette VL 6 6.7 0.84 a 0.40 ab 2.8 2.8 3.0
Bambina FM 4 5.9 0.75 abc 0.28 c 2.5 2.0 3.8
Berlina FM 3 6.2 0.77 ab 0.43 a 2.3 2.0 4.0
Cheyenne SS 5 6.6 0.71 a-d 0.39 ab 3.0 2.5 3.8
Choctaw SS 3 5.8 0.77 abc 0.41 ab 2.8 2.6 3.7
Comanche SS 3 7.1 0.62 cd 0.36 ab 2.8 2.3 4.0
Navajo SS 4 6.8 0.68 bcd 0.40 ab 2.8 2.3 3.8
Primecut SS 3 6.2 0.70 bcd 0.38 ab 2.8 2.8 3.3
Sugarsnax SS 4 7.0 0.58 d 0.32 bc 3.0 2.3 3.3
Terminator FM 3 6.9 0.68 bcd 0.39 ab 2.0 2.0 4.0
Tripleplay SS 3 6.8 0.74 abc 0.40 ab 2.8 2.3 3.8
C.V. (%) 72 17 13 15 16 19 16

1See note 1 of table 22.

2See appendix A for source codes.

3Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.

4Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.

5Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).

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Table 24. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 26.
Hybrid Seed source2 US #1 yield US #1 as % of total Yield of carrots <2" long Total yield Total roots/acre US #1 size
tons/acre % ------tons/acre ---- 1000s oz/root
Apache SS 9.2 bcd3 64 3.1 abc 14.0 bcd 1036 abc 0.66 b-e
Babette VL 12.4 a 67 1.8 de 18.4 a 876 abc 0.80 a
Bambina FM 11.0 ab 71 3.0 abc 15.3 abc 1075 ab 0.70 a-d
Berlina FM 6.6 d 65 1.7 e 10.5 de 782 cd 0.61 de
Cheyenne SS 7.2 cd 67 2.0 cde 10.8 cde 617 d 0.77 a
Choctaw SS 7.2 cd 66 2.9 bc 11.0 cde 1001 abc 0.59 e
Comanche SS 9.2 bc 70 2.5 cde 13.1 b-e 807 bcd 0.73 ab
Navajo SS 7.0 cd 68 2.9 abc 10.5 de 1050 ab 0.56 e
Primecut SS 6.9 cd 58 4.0 a 11.9 b-e 1080 a 0.61 de
Sugarsnax SS 7.0 cd 65 3.8 ab 11.0 cde 1006 abc 0.64 cde
Terminator FM 6.4 d 67 2.8 bcd 9.7 e 933 abc 0.55 e
Tripleplay SS 11.6 ab 76 2.9 bc 15.1 ab 937 abc 0.73 abc
C.V. (%) 21 9 27 20 19 10

1See note 1 of table 22.

2See appendix A for source codes.

3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).

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Table 25. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 26.
Hybrid Seed source2 Multiple roots Average length Root diameter Core diameter Cortex color3 Core color3 Cortex/core contrast4
% ------------- inches ----------- -----1 to 4 ---- 1 to 5
Apache SS 3.6 a5 6.2 abc 0.83 abc 0.47 3.0 a 2.4 ab 3.4
Babette VL 10.4 c 5.9 abc 0.83 abc 0.33 2.8 a 2.5 ab 3.8
Bambina FM 2.8 a 4.3 d 0.88 a 0.32 2.7 a 2.4 ab 3.7
Berlina FM 3.4 a 5.2 cd 0.84 abc 0.37 2.0 b 1.5 c 4.0
Cheyenne SS 8.5 bc 6.8 a 0.86 ab 0.41 3.0 a 3.0 a 3.0
Choctaw SS 4.8 ab 5.5 bcd 0.77 a-d 0.37 3.0 a 2.8 a 3.3
Comanche SS 5.1 ab 6.3 abc 0.84 abc 0.43 2.8 a 2.8 a 4.0
Navajo SS 4.1 a 6.4 abc 0.68 d 0.39 2.8 a 2.0 bc 3.8
Primecut SS 3.5 a 6.5 ab 0.77 a-d 0.35 3.0 a 2.8 a 3.5
Sugarsnax SS 4.8 ab 6.8 a 0.75 bcd 0.38 3.0 a 3.0 a 3.3
Terminator FM 5.0 ab 6.4 abc 0.73 cd 0.33 2.8 a 2.5 ab 3.5
Tripleplay SS 3.2 a 6.9 a 0.75 bcd 0.41 3.0 a 2.8 a 3.5
C.V. (%) 56 14 10 18 11 18 13

1See note 1 of table 22.

2See appendix A for source codes.

3Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.

4Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.

5Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).

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Table 26. US #1 yields, total yields, and total numbers of carrots planted from raw seed1 and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 Yield of US #1 carrots
(by root diameter)
US #1 carrots
(% of total yield
)
Total
>1.5" 1 to 1.5" ¾ to 1" total >1.5" 1 to 1.5" total yield roots/acre
--------------- tons/acre ------------ -------------- % ------------- tons/acre 1000s
Apache SS 10.0 cd2 8.8 a 1.1 ab 19.9 ab 40 ef 36 a 81 a 24.3 379 a
Babette VL 5.7 d 7.4 ab 1.6 a 14.7 bcd 25 g 32 ab 63 bc 23.2 341 ab
Bambina FM 5.9 d 4.9 bc 0.4 bc 11.2 d 30 fg 24 bcd 55 c 20.6 270 bcd
Berlina FM 17.2 ab 3.4 cd 0.4 bc 20.3 ab 58 a-d 12 def 70 ab 28.7 278 bcd
Cheyenne SS 13.0 bc 8.2 a 0.2 bc 20.3 ab 45 c-f 31 abc 77 ab 26.5 317 abc
Choctaw SS 18.7 a 2.9 cd 0.3 bc 21.8 a 70 a 11 ef 82 a 26.5 217 de
Comanche SS 11.7 c 1.3 d 0.0 c 13.0 cd 67 ab 8 f 74 ab 17.6 139 e
Navajo SS 14.4 abc 5.4 bc 0.3 bc 20.0 ab 59 abc 23 bcd 83 a 24.3 296 bcd
Primecut SS 11.5 c 6.8 ab 0.1 bc 18.3 abc 42 def 32 abc 74 ab 24.5 248 cd
Sugarsnax SS 5.4 d 8.1 a 1.5 a 15.0 bcd 23 g 35 a 66 bc 23.0 389 a
Terminator FM 12.0 c 3.9 c 0.4 bc 16.3 a-d 53 b-e 18 def 73 ab 22.7 263 cd
Tripleplay SS 13.9 abc 4.9 bc 0.4 bc 19.2 ab 58 abc 20 cde 80 a 24.0 222 d
C.V. (%) 29 32 120 22 21 32 12 18 19

1See note 1 of table 22.

2See appendix A for source code.

3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).

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Table 27. US #2 yield, and root characteristics and size of US #1 carrots planted from raw seed1 and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid Seed source1 US #2 yield Multiple roots Average length Root diameter Core diameter Cortex color2 Core color2 Cortex/core contrast3 US #1 size
tons/acre % ------------------- inches ------------ ----------------- 1 to 5 ------------ oz/root
Apache SS 2.4 bcd4 7 7.8 bcd 1.0 bcd 0.50 abc 3.0 a 2.5 abc 3.5 2.4 efg
Babette VL 2.6 a-d 25 6.7 d 0.9 d 0.38 a 2.8 a 2.5 abc 3.5 2.4 fg
Bambina FM 4.3 a 24 6.8 d 1.2 ab 0.44 ab 2.8 a 2.2 bc 3.5 2.8 d-g
Berlina FM 3.3 ab 16 7.4 cd 1.1 abc 0.59 c 2.0 b 2.0 c 4.0 4.3 ab
Cheyenne SS 1.0 d 19 7.5 bcd 1.2 ab 0.54 bc 3.0 a 3.0 a 2.9 3.1 def
Choctaw SS 0.9 d 14 8.4 abc 1.2 abc 0.58 bc 2.9 a 2.3 bc 3.5 4.5 ab
Comanche SS 0.9 d 20 9.5 a 1.3 a 0.80 d 3.0 a 3.0 a 3.0 4.7 a
Navajo SS 1.1 cd 12 6.5 d 1.1 abc 0.62 c 3.0 a 2.8 ab 3.3 3.2 cd
Primecut SS 1.3 cd 17 8.4 abc 1.1 abc 0.49 abc 2.9 a 3.0 a 3.0 3.3 cd
Sugarsnax SS 2.2 bcd 22 7.4 cd 1.0 cd 0.43 ab 2.9 a 3.0 a 3.3 2.3 g
Terminator FM 0.9 d 22 8.5 abc 1.2 abc 0.49 abc 2.9 a 2.4 bc 3.5 3.1 de
Tripleplay SS 2.8 abc 8 8.7 ab 1.1 abc 0.60 c 3.0 a 2.8 ab 3.1 3.8 bc
C.V. (%) 61 54 11 12 19 8 15 13 14

1See note 1 of table 22.

2See appendix A for source code.

3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.

4Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).

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RESULTS

Of the hybrids tested, Artist and Nelson were the best early carrots. Legend, Berlina, and Avenger looked good for medium-maturing carrots. Artist, Avenger, and Berlina produced the best jumbo carrots. Good processing carrots included Artist, Legend, Bolero, and Avenger. Only Babette and Bambina could be considered true baby carrots. Apache may work as a cut and peel hybrid.

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