Oakes Irrigation Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701)
742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu
CARROT HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL, 1996
Richard G Greenland and Leonard Besemann
In North Dakota, carrots grow very well and commercial carrot production is increasing rapidly. Carrots have greater commercial production potential than any other vegetable. We tested baby carrots (both true and cut and peel); cello types, jumbos, and processing types.
Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 7.
Table 14. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 7.
Table 15. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 21.
Table 16. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 21.
Table 17. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on September 4.
Table 18. Root characteristics for carrots harvested September 4.
Table 19. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on October 25.
Table 20. Root characteristics for carrots harvested October 25.
Table 21. Quality data for carrots harvested October 25.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Soil: | Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.4; 2.6% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low. |
Previous crop: | 1995 - field corn; 1994 - potato; 1993 - small grain. |
Seedbed Preparation: | Flailed cornstalks April 15. Subsoiled April 24. Disked April 26 and May 3. Multiweeded (field cultivated) four times; once on May 6 and twice on May 7 to incorporate herbicide and to smooth the seedbed, and once very shallow on May 13 after rains packed the ground. |
Planting: | Direct seeded pelleted carrot seeds on May 13 for cello, jumbo, and processing type carrots with a Stanhay vegetable planter. Planting pattern was paired rows (3 inches between rows in the pair) on 16-inch centers seeded at about 500,000 seeds/acre for cello and jumbo carrots and about 400,000 for the processing carrots. Four complete trials were planted: one to be harvested early, one mid-early, one mid-late, and the last one to be harvested just before freeze up for the processing market. Planted raw seed for cut and peel and true baby carrots on May 16. Planting pattern for true baby carrots was paired rows (3 inches between rows in the pair) on 8 inch centers seeded at about 2.2 million seeds/acre. Two complete true baby carrot trials were planted, one harvested early and one late. The one cut and peel baby carrot trial was planted with raw seed in paired rows on 16-inch centers at about 600,000 seeds/acre. |
Plots: | Plots were 17 ft long by 3 ft wide. There were 4 reps. |
Fertilizer: | On April 17, broadcast 14 lbs N/acre and 70 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0, 16 lbs N/acre and 19 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24, and 94 lbs K20/acre as 0-0-60. Sprayed 35 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on May 3. Side dressed with urea at 75 lbs N/acre on June 19 and 55 lb N/acre on July 9. |
Irrigation: | Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
Pest control: | Weeds were controlled by Treflan (1.5 pts/acre on May 7 preplant incorporated), Lorox (1 lb/acre on May 20, 2 lbs/acre on June 21), Fusilade + COC (0.75 pt/acre + 1 pt/25 gal) and by hand weeding. Asana (8 oz/acre on July 9, July 12, and July 31) was used to control leaf hoppers. |
Harvest: | The early harvests (for fresh market) were on Aug. 7, Aug. 21, and Sep. 4. The late harvest (for processing) was on Oct. 25. The cut and peel baby carrot harvest was on Aug. 21. The true baby carrot harvests were on July 16 and 17, and on July 26. Yields, etc. were taken from a five-foot section of one row harvested from each plot except the baby carrots where two rows per plot were harvested. |
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Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 7 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | US #1 carrots | US #2 yield | Total yield | Total roots | ||||
yield (by root diameter) | % of total | ||||||||
>1.5" | 1 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | ||||||
--------------- tons/acre ----------- | % | --- tons/acre --- | 1000s/A | ||||||
Artist | JS | 5.7 | 6.4 | 0.2 | 12.3 | 57 | 2.9 | 21.1 | 337 |
Avenger | PS | 0.2 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 29 | 1.9 | 15.7 | 341 |
Berlina | FM | 3.4 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 5.5 | 33 | 5.0 | 16.6 | 276 |
Bolero | JS | 2.9 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 4.9 | 30 | 9.2 | 17.5 | 387 |
Bolero | VL | 6.1 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 10.3 | 49 | 4.1 | 20.5 | 323 |
Crusader | FM | 4.2 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 6.2 | 42 | 2.3 | 14.6 | 188 |
Legend | PS | 0.8 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 33 | 1.1 | 13.2 | 310 |
Mistral | FM | 6.2 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 41 | 2.5 | 20.9 | 270 |
Nelson | JS | 5.7 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 39 | 11.6 | 24.9 | 319 |
LSD (0.05) | 4.2 | 2.6 | 0.4 | NS | NS | 4.1 | 4.0 | 57 | |
C.V. (%) | 74 | 53 | 144 | 53 | 52 | 62 | 15 | 13 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 14. Root characteristics
for carrots harvested August 7 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996
carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color2 | Core color2 | Contrast3 | US #1 size |
% | ----------- inches --------- | ---- 1 to 4 --- | 1 to 5 | oz/root | |||||
Artist | JS | 17 | 7.0 | 1.0 | 0.41 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.5 bcd |
Avenger | PS | 56 | 7.7 | 0.9 | 0.44 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 1.7 e |
Berlina | FM | 31 | 6.1 | 1.1 | 0.56 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 2.8 bc |
Bolero | JS | 15 | 6.8 | 1.0 | 0.51 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 2.3 d |
Bolero | VL | 27 | 6.6 | 1.1 | 0.56 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.5 cd |
Crusader | FM | 40 | 6.5 | 1.2 | 0.60 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.0 ab |
Legend | PS | 55 | 7.7 | 1.0 | 0.46 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 1.6 e |
Mistral | FM | 44 | 5.2 | 1.2 | 0.49 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 2.9 bc |
Nelson | JS | 8 | 7.2 | 1.2 | 0.54 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.5 a |
LSD (0.05) | 26 | NS | NS | NS | NS | 0.6 | 0.7 | * | |
C.V. (%) | 55 | 63 | 13 | 21 | 9 | 17 | 13 | 13 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.
*Values in this column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 15. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on August 21 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | US #1 carrots | US #2 yield | Total yield | Total roots | ||||
yield (by root diameter) | % of total | ||||||||
>1.5" | 1 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | ||||||
--------------- tons/acre ----------- | % | --- tons/acre --- | 1000s/A | ||||||
Artist | JS | 16.2 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 19.6 | 59 | 6.4 | 33.2 | 374 |
Avenger | PS | 8.8 | 6.0 | 0.4 | 15.2 | 53 | 2.1 | 29.1 | 368 |
Berlina | FM | 16.1 | 4.5 | 0.0 | 21.3 | 70 | 5.0 | 30.4 | 307 |
Bolero | JS | 15.9 | 5.3 | 0.1 | 21.3 | 60 | 6.2 | 35.9 | 441 |
Bolero | VL | 17.6 | 3.7 | 0.0 | 21.2 | 63 | 4.5 | 33.5 | 353 |
Crusader | FM | 13.9 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 16.8 | 68 | 3.1 | 24.3 | 265 |
Legend | PS | 14.1 | 6.5 | 0.4 | 21.0 | 65 | 2.1 | 32.0 | 441 |
Mistral | FM | 12.5 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 15.7 | 54 | 2.5 | 29.2 | 260 |
Nelson | JS | 23.0 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 28.7 | 83 | 1.8 | 34.8 | 302 |
LSD (0.05) | 7.0 | NS | 0.3 | 6.9 | NS | 3.1 | 6.4 | 82 | |
C.V. (%) | 31 | 53 | 183 | 24 | 23 | 57 | 14 | 16 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 16. Root characteristics for carrots harvested August 21 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color2 | Core color2 | Contrast3 | US #1 size |
% | ----------- inches --------- | ---- 1 to 4 --- | 1 to 5 | oz/root | |||||
Artist | JS | 21 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 0.44 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
Avenger | PS | 40 | 8.1 | 1.1 | 0.47 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.9 |
Berlina | FM | 13 | 6.8 | 1.3 | 0.72 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
Bolero | JS | 23 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.2 |
Bolero | VL | 22 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 0.57 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 |
Crusader | FM | 19 | 6.2 | 1.2 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
Legend | PS | 25 | 7.4 | 1.1 | 0.40 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.0 |
Mistral | FM | 37 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 0.46 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 4.4 |
Nelson | JS | 10 | 7.1 | 1.3 | 0.53 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 4.1 |
LSD (0.05) | 16 | NS | 0.1 | 0.17 | NS | NS | NS | 0.8 | |
C.V. (%) | 46 | 14 | 8 | 23 | 13 | 18 | 16 | 15 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.
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Table 17. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on September 4 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | US #1 carrots | US #2 yield | Total yield | Total roots | ||||
yield (by root diameter) | % of total | ||||||||
>1.5" | 1 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | ||||||
--------------- tons/acre ----------- | % | --- tons/acre --- | 1000s/A | ||||||
Artist | JS | 23.1 | 9.4 | 0.2 | 32.8 | 69.9 | 2.6 | 46.7 | 390 |
Avenger | PS | 16.3 | 10.1 | 0.2 | 26.6 | 64.3 | 2.6 | 41.6 | 392 |
Berlina | FM | 25.7 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 30.6 | 71.5 | 3.3 | 42.3 | 301 |
Bolero | JS | 14.4 | 3.6 | 0.0 | 18.0 | 39.7 | 13.0 | 44.7 | 485 |
Bolero | VL | 21.2 | 3.3 | 0.1 | 24.6 | 53.0 | 6.5 | 45.9 | 369 |
Crusader | FM | 11.1 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 13.5 | 40.3 | 5.2 | 34.2 | 307 |
Legend | PS | 11.9 | 8.6 | 0.8 | 21.3 | 53.0 | 4.1 | 40.2 | 444 |
Mistral | FM | 12.6 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 15.7 | 44.0 | 2.7 | 35.9 | 263 |
Nelson | JS | 15.9 | 6.3 | 0.0 | 22.3 | 53.6 | 6.4 | 41.3 | 358 |
LSD(0.05) | 9.3 | 3.6 | 0.5 | 10.1 | 17 | 3.8 | NS | 78 | |
C.V.(%) | 38 | 44 | 201 | 30 | 22 | 51 | 18 | 15 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 18. Root characteristics for carrots harvested September 4 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Uniformity | US #1 size | Overall score |
% | -------------inches-------------- | 1 to 5 | oz/root | 1 to 10 | ||||
Artist | JS | 16 | 6.5 | 1.7 | 0.71 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 7.3 |
Avenger | PS | 24 | 7.1 | 1.6 | 0.77 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 7.0 |
Berlina | FM | 13 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 1.06 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 6.3 |
Bolero | JS | 21 | 6.0 | 1.6 | 0.75 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 5.8 |
Bolero | VL | 25 | 5.9 | 1.7 | 0.87 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 6.8 |
Crusader | FM | 33 | 5.9 | 1.7 | 0.67 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.5 |
Legend | PS | 28 | 6.5 | 1.6 | 0.67 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 6.5 |
Mistral | FM | 42 | 5.7 | 1.8 | 0.85 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 7.0 |
Nelson | JS | 8 | 5.7 | 1.6 | 0.70 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 6.0 |
LSD (0.05) | 10 | 0.6 | NS | 0.19 | 0.7 | 0.9 | NS | |
C.V. (%) | 30 | 7 | 11 | 17 | 13 | 14 | 12 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 19. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots harvested on October 25 in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | US #1 carrots | Total yield | Total roots | ||||
yield (by root diameter) | % of total | |||||||
>2.5" | 1.5 to 2.5" | 1 to 1.5" | total | |||||
---------------- tons/acre ----------------- | % | tons/acre | 1000s/A | |||||
Artist | JS | 2.5 | 23.0 | 3.4 | 32.1 | 69 | 46.9 | 258 |
Avenger | PS | 1.4 | 21.1 | 3.2 | 27.4 | 58 | 47.5 | 253 |
Berlina | FM | 2.0 | 17.4 | 0.8 | 21.0 | 55 | 38.6 | 150 |
Bolero | JS | 0.0 | 23.4 | 2.4 | 30.5 | 61 | 49.7 | 307 |
Bolero | VL | 2.9 | 15.3 | 0.4 | 20.9 | 50 | 46.3 | 201 |
Crusader | FM | 1.4 | 19.0 | 1.8 | 23.8 | 73 | 32.7 | 175 |
Legend | PS | 4.0 | 21.9 | 2.2 | 30.6 | 68 | 44.7 | 258 |
Mistral | FM | 2.3 | 10.5 | 0.7 | 14.1 | 44 | 32.7 | 144 |
Nelson | JS | 0.0 | 21.7 | 1.9 | 24.5 | 50 | 49.1 | 229 |
LSD (0.05) | NS | 7.4 | NS | 8.4 | 16 | NS | 69 | |
C.V. (%) | 171 | 26 | 89 | 23 | 19 | 22 | 22 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 20. Root characteristics for carrots harvested October 25 in the 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Multiple root | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | US #1 size | Overall score |
% | ---------------- inches ------------- | oz/root | 1 to 10 | ||||
Artist | JS | 22 | 6.6 | 1.9 | 0.93 | 6.1 | 8.3 |
Avenger | PS | 38 | 7.9 | 1.9 | 0.88 | 6.1 | 8.0 |
Berlina | FM | 31 | 6.8 | 2.1 | 1.22 | 8.3 | 7.3 |
Bolero | JS | 25 | 6.6 | 2.0 | 1.19 | 6.1 | 7.8 |
Bolero | VL | 41 | 6.5 | 2.1 | 1.20 | 7.3 | 7.0 |
Crusader | FM | 18 | 6.7 | 2.2 | 1.09 | 6.7 | 7.5 |
Legend | PS | 26 | 7.1 | 2.1 | 1.04 | 6.8 | 7.5 |
Mistral | FM | 48 | 6.3 | 1.9 | 1.01 | 7.4 | 7.3 |
Nelson | JS | 12 | 6.6 | 2.0 | 0.95 | 6.6 | 7.5 |
LSD (0.05) | 18 | NS | 0.2 | 0.19 | NS | NS | |
C.V. (%) | 42 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 19 | 8 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
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Table 21. Quality data for carrots harvested October 25 in the 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Sugar | NO3 | K+ | pH | Taste2 | |
cortex | core | ||||||
-----------%----------- | ---------ppm--------- | 1 to 5 | |||||
Artist | JS | 10.6 | 9.8 | 7800 | 2767 | 6.16 | 4 |
Avenger | PS | 10.7 | 9.7 | 3525 | 2900 | 6.17 | 5 |
Berlina | FM | 9.5 | 9.3 | >10000 | 2433 | 6.24 | 5 |
Bolero | JS | 10.6 | 9.4 | 5350 | 2733 | 6.18 | 5 |
Bolero | VL | 11.2 | 10.0 | 6950 | 2633 | 7.02 | 4 |
Crusader | FM | 10.5 | 9.8 | 5675 | 3367 | 6.15 | 3 |
Legend | PS | 10.8 | 9.8 | 5967 | 2633 | 6.15 | 5 |
Mistral | FM | 10.4 | 9.6 | 3700 | 2467 | 6.26 | 5 |
Nelson | JS | 8.7 | 8.0 | 7867 | 2767 | 6.21 | 5 |
1See appendix A for source codes.
2Taste - 1 to 5 with 5=best.
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Table 22. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 16 and 17.
Hybrid | Seed source2 | US #1 yield | US #1 as % of total | Yield of carrots <2" long | Total yield | Total roots/acre | US #1 size |
tons/acre | % | ------tons/acre ---- | 1000s | oz/root | |||
Apache | SS | 3.6 bc3 | 38 c | 5.1 abc | 9.2 bcd | 1180 a | 0.53 cd |
Babette | VL | 6.8 a | 61 a | 3.4 de | 11.2 a | 860 c | 0.69 a |
Bambina | FM | 7.6 a | 69 a | 2.7 e | 10.9 ab | 1001 abc | 0.53 cd |
Berlina | FM | 4.7 b | 60 ab | 2.5 e | 7.7 de | 819 cd | 0.58 bcd |
Cheyenne | SS | 3.3 bc | 47 bc | 3.6 de | 7.2 e | 643 d | 0.67 ab |
Choctaw | SS | 3.7 bc | 43 c | 4.6 a-d | 8.5 cde | 1096 ab | 0.58 a-d |
Comanche | SS | 3.5 bc | 39 c | 5.2 abc | 9.1 cd | 954 bc | 0.63 abc |
Navajo | SS | 2.3 cd | 33 c | 4.4 bcd | 6.9 e | 1015 abc | 0.53 cd |
Primecut | SS | 3.6 bc | 38 c | 5.1 abc | 9.2 bcd | 1092 ab | 0.58 bcd |
Sugarsnax | SS | 1.4 d | 17 d | 5.8 a | 7.5 de | 1190 a | 0.55 cd |
Terminator | FM | 2.7 cd | 37 c | 4.3 cd | 7.3 e | 1080 ab | 0.48 d |
Tripleplay | SS | 3.8 bc | 39 c | 5.6 ab | 9.7 abc | 1088 ab | 0.60 abc |
C.V. (%) | 30 | 23 | 20 | 14 | 15 | 12 |
1We asked seed companies for raw seed to plant the true and the cut and peel baby carrot trial. We asked for pelleted seed to plant the cello, jumbo, and processing type carrot trials. We received raw seed for the hybrids in tables 22 to 27. We planted them for baby carrot production even though some are not intended for that purpose.
2See appendix A for source codes.
3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.
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Table 23. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 16 and 17.
Hybrid | Seed source2 | Multiple roots | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color3 | Core color3 | Cortex/core contrast4 |
% | ------------- inches ----------- | -----1 to 4 ---- | 1 to 5 | |||||
Apache | SS | 5 | 6.8 | 0.70 bcd5 | 0.35 abc | 2.5 | 2.0 | 4.0 |
Babette | VL | 6 | 6.7 | 0.84 a | 0.40 ab | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.0 |
Bambina | FM | 4 | 5.9 | 0.75 abc | 0.28 c | 2.5 | 2.0 | 3.8 |
Berlina | FM | 3 | 6.2 | 0.77 ab | 0.43 a | 2.3 | 2.0 | 4.0 |
Cheyenne | SS | 5 | 6.6 | 0.71 a-d | 0.39 ab | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.8 |
Choctaw | SS | 3 | 5.8 | 0.77 abc | 0.41 ab | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.7 |
Comanche | SS | 3 | 7.1 | 0.62 cd | 0.36 ab | 2.8 | 2.3 | 4.0 |
Navajo | SS | 4 | 6.8 | 0.68 bcd | 0.40 ab | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.8 |
Primecut | SS | 3 | 6.2 | 0.70 bcd | 0.38 ab | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.3 |
Sugarsnax | SS | 4 | 7.0 | 0.58 d | 0.32 bc | 3.0 | 2.3 | 3.3 |
Terminator | FM | 3 | 6.9 | 0.68 bcd | 0.39 ab | 2.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 |
Tripleplay | SS | 3 | 6.8 | 0.74 abc | 0.40 ab | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.8 |
C.V. (%) | 72 | 17 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 19 | 16 |
1See note 1 of table 22.
2See appendix A for source codes.
3Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
4Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.
5Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).
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Table 24. Yields of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 26.
Hybrid | Seed source2 | US #1 yield | US #1 as % of total | Yield of carrots <2" long | Total yield | Total roots/acre | US #1 size |
tons/acre | % | ------tons/acre ---- | 1000s | oz/root | |||
Apache | SS | 9.2 bcd3 | 64 | 3.1 abc | 14.0 bcd | 1036 abc | 0.66 b-e |
Babette | VL | 12.4 a | 67 | 1.8 de | 18.4 a | 876 abc | 0.80 a |
Bambina | FM | 11.0 ab | 71 | 3.0 abc | 15.3 abc | 1075 ab | 0.70 a-d |
Berlina | FM | 6.6 d | 65 | 1.7 e | 10.5 de | 782 cd | 0.61 de |
Cheyenne | SS | 7.2 cd | 67 | 2.0 cde | 10.8 cde | 617 d | 0.77 a |
Choctaw | SS | 7.2 cd | 66 | 2.9 bc | 11.0 cde | 1001 abc | 0.59 e |
Comanche | SS | 9.2 bc | 70 | 2.5 cde | 13.1 b-e | 807 bcd | 0.73 ab |
Navajo | SS | 7.0 cd | 68 | 2.9 abc | 10.5 de | 1050 ab | 0.56 e |
Primecut | SS | 6.9 cd | 58 | 4.0 a | 11.9 b-e | 1080 a | 0.61 de |
Sugarsnax | SS | 7.0 cd | 65 | 3.8 ab | 11.0 cde | 1006 abc | 0.64 cde |
Terminator | FM | 6.4 d | 67 | 2.8 bcd | 9.7 e | 933 abc | 0.55 e |
Tripleplay | SS | 11.6 ab | 76 | 2.9 bc | 15.1 ab | 937 abc | 0.73 abc |
C.V. (%) | 21 | 9 | 27 | 20 | 19 | 10 |
1See note 1 of table 22.
2See appendix A for source codes.
3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).
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Table 25. Root characteristics of carrots planted with raw seed1 for true baby carrot production in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot performance trial. Harvested July 26.
Hybrid | Seed source2 | Multiple roots | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color3 | Core color3 | Cortex/core contrast4 |
% | ------------- inches ----------- | -----1 to 4 ---- | 1 to 5 | |||||
Apache | SS | 3.6 a5 | 6.2 abc | 0.83 abc | 0.47 | 3.0 a | 2.4 ab | 3.4 |
Babette | VL | 10.4 c | 5.9 abc | 0.83 abc | 0.33 | 2.8 a | 2.5 ab | 3.8 |
Bambina | FM | 2.8 a | 4.3 d | 0.88 a | 0.32 | 2.7 a | 2.4 ab | 3.7 |
Berlina | FM | 3.4 a | 5.2 cd | 0.84 abc | 0.37 | 2.0 b | 1.5 c | 4.0 |
Cheyenne | SS | 8.5 bc | 6.8 a | 0.86 ab | 0.41 | 3.0 a | 3.0 a | 3.0 |
Choctaw | SS | 4.8 ab | 5.5 bcd | 0.77 a-d | 0.37 | 3.0 a | 2.8 a | 3.3 |
Comanche | SS | 5.1 ab | 6.3 abc | 0.84 abc | 0.43 | 2.8 a | 2.8 a | 4.0 |
Navajo | SS | 4.1 a | 6.4 abc | 0.68 d | 0.39 | 2.8 a | 2.0 bc | 3.8 |
Primecut | SS | 3.5 a | 6.5 ab | 0.77 a-d | 0.35 | 3.0 a | 2.8 a | 3.5 |
Sugarsnax | SS | 4.8 ab | 6.8 a | 0.75 bcd | 0.38 | 3.0 a | 3.0 a | 3.3 |
Terminator | FM | 5.0 ab | 6.4 abc | 0.73 cd | 0.33 | 2.8 a | 2.5 ab | 3.5 |
Tripleplay | SS | 3.2 a | 6.9 a | 0.75 bcd | 0.41 | 3.0 a | 2.8 a | 3.5 |
C.V. (%) | 56 | 14 | 10 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 13 |
1See note 1 of table 22.
2See appendix A for source codes.
3Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
4Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.
5Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level. (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).
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Table 26. US #1 yields, total yields, and total numbers of carrots planted from raw seed1 and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | Yield
of US #1 carrots (by root diameter) |
US
#1 carrots (% of total yield) |
Total | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
>1.5" | 1 to 1.5" | ¾ to 1" | total | >1.5" | 1 to 1.5" | total | yield | roots/acre | ||
--------------- tons/acre ------------ | -------------- % ------------- | tons/acre | 1000s | |||||||
Apache | SS | 10.0 cd2 | 8.8 a | 1.1 ab | 19.9 ab | 40 ef | 36 a | 81 a | 24.3 | 379 a |
Babette | VL | 5.7 d | 7.4 ab | 1.6 a | 14.7 bcd | 25 g | 32 ab | 63 bc | 23.2 | 341 ab |
Bambina | FM | 5.9 d | 4.9 bc | 0.4 bc | 11.2 d | 30 fg | 24 bcd | 55 c | 20.6 | 270 bcd |
Berlina | FM | 17.2 ab | 3.4 cd | 0.4 bc | 20.3 ab | 58 a-d | 12 def | 70 ab | 28.7 | 278 bcd |
Cheyenne | SS | 13.0 bc | 8.2 a | 0.2 bc | 20.3 ab | 45 c-f | 31 abc | 77 ab | 26.5 | 317 abc |
Choctaw | SS | 18.7 a | 2.9 cd | 0.3 bc | 21.8 a | 70 a | 11 ef | 82 a | 26.5 | 217 de |
Comanche | SS | 11.7 c | 1.3 d | 0.0 c | 13.0 cd | 67 ab | 8 f | 74 ab | 17.6 | 139 e |
Navajo | SS | 14.4 abc | 5.4 bc | 0.3 bc | 20.0 ab | 59 abc | 23 bcd | 83 a | 24.3 | 296 bcd |
Primecut | SS | 11.5 c | 6.8 ab | 0.1 bc | 18.3 abc | 42 def | 32 abc | 74 ab | 24.5 | 248 cd |
Sugarsnax | SS | 5.4 d | 8.1 a | 1.5 a | 15.0 bcd | 23 g | 35 a | 66 bc | 23.0 | 389 a |
Terminator | FM | 12.0 c | 3.9 c | 0.4 bc | 16.3 a-d | 53 b-e | 18 def | 73 ab | 22.7 | 263 cd |
Tripleplay | SS | 13.9 abc | 4.9 bc | 0.4 bc | 19.2 ab | 58 abc | 20 cde | 80 a | 24.0 | 222 d |
C.V. (%) | 29 | 32 | 120 | 22 | 21 | 32 | 12 | 18 | 19 |
1See note 1 of table 22.
2See appendix A for source code.
3Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).
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Table 27. US #2 yield, and root characteristics and size of US #1 carrots planted from raw seed1 and harvested on August 21 for cut and peel baby carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Station 1996 carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid | Seed source1 | US #2 yield | Multiple roots | Average length | Root diameter | Core diameter | Cortex color2 | Core color2 | Cortex/core contrast3 | US #1 size |
tons/acre | % | ------------------- inches ------------ | ----------------- 1 to 5 ------------ | oz/root | ||||||
Apache | SS | 2.4 bcd4 | 7 | 7.8 bcd | 1.0 bcd | 0.50 abc | 3.0 a | 2.5 abc | 3.5 | 2.4 efg |
Babette | VL | 2.6 a-d | 25 | 6.7 d | 0.9 d | 0.38 a | 2.8 a | 2.5 abc | 3.5 | 2.4 fg |
Bambina | FM | 4.3 a | 24 | 6.8 d | 1.2 ab | 0.44 ab | 2.8 a | 2.2 bc | 3.5 | 2.8 d-g |
Berlina | FM | 3.3 ab | 16 | 7.4 cd | 1.1 abc | 0.59 c | 2.0 b | 2.0 c | 4.0 | 4.3 ab |
Cheyenne | SS | 1.0 d | 19 | 7.5 bcd | 1.2 ab | 0.54 bc | 3.0 a | 3.0 a | 2.9 | 3.1 def |
Choctaw | SS | 0.9 d | 14 | 8.4 abc | 1.2 abc | 0.58 bc | 2.9 a | 2.3 bc | 3.5 | 4.5 ab |
Comanche | SS | 0.9 d | 20 | 9.5 a | 1.3 a | 0.80 d | 3.0 a | 3.0 a | 3.0 | 4.7 a |
Navajo | SS | 1.1 cd | 12 | 6.5 d | 1.1 abc | 0.62 c | 3.0 a | 2.8 ab | 3.3 | 3.2 cd |
Primecut | SS | 1.3 cd | 17 | 8.4 abc | 1.1 abc | 0.49 abc | 2.9 a | 3.0 a | 3.0 | 3.3 cd |
Sugarsnax | SS | 2.2 bcd | 22 | 7.4 cd | 1.0 cd | 0.43 ab | 2.9 a | 3.0 a | 3.3 | 2.3 g |
Terminator | FM | 0.9 d | 22 | 8.5 abc | 1.2 abc | 0.49 abc | 2.9 a | 2.4 bc | 3.5 | 3.1 de |
Tripleplay | SS | 2.8 abc | 8 | 8.7 ab | 1.1 abc | 0.60 c | 3.0 a | 2.8 ab | 3.1 | 3.8 bc |
C.V. (%) | 61 | 54 | 11 | 12 | 19 | 8 | 15 | 13 | 14 |
1See note 1 of table 22.
2See appendix A for source code.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast. Some hybrids had a lower contrast score because of a green layer between cortex and core on some carrots.
4Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (no letters in column = no significant differences between values in that column).
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RESULTS
Of the hybrids tested, Artist and Nelson were the best early carrots. Legend, Berlina, and Avenger looked good for medium-maturing carrots. Artist, Avenger, and Berlina produced the best jumbo carrots. Good processing carrots included Artist, Legend, Bolero, and Avenger. Only Babette and Bambina could be considered true baby carrots. Apache may work as a cut and peel hybrid.
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Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site Variety Performance Trials
Go to Oakes Irrigation Research Site 1996 annual report