North
Dakota State University
NDSU Extension Service
A-1196 September 2002
2002 North Dakota Hard Red Winter Wheat Variety Selection Guide
Compiled by Dr. Joel Ransom and Dr. Duane R. Berglund, NDSU Extension Agronomists
Hard red winter wheat varieties adapted for production in North Dakota are described in the following tables. Successful winter wheat production depends on numerous factors including selecting the right variety for a particular area. The information included in ths publication is meant to help select that variety or group of varieties. Characteristics to evaluate in selecting a variety are yield potential in your area, test weight, protein content when grown with proper fertility, straw strength and plant height, reaction to important diseases, and maturity.
The recommended seeding dates for winter wheat are September 10 to September 30 south of N.D. highway 200 and September 1 to September 15 in northern regions. Planting after the recommended dates reduces winter survival and grain yields. Planting prior to the recommended date unnecessarily depletes soil moisture reserves, increases risk of disease and may reduce winter survival.
Winter wheat should be seeded at a rate of 1,000,000 viable seeds per acre or about 80 pounds per acre. Higher seeding rates are suggested for late seeding or for poor seedbed conditions. Only the most winterhardy varieties available should be considered when growing winter wheat in North Dakota. Of the current varieties, Roughrider, Agassiz, Seward, Elkhorn, Ransom, Crimson, Harding, and Jerry possess the best combination of winterhardiness and yield. When wheat streak mosaic virus is a concern Crimson or Harding should be grown, of the varieties adapted to North Dakota they have the best tolerance.
Phosphorus aids overwinter survival by stimulating root growth and fall tillering. The secondary root system
that develops with tillering is essential for a healthy deep-rooted plant capable of withstanding stress. If winter wheat is planted on bare soil an application of phosphorus is essential. While important, the contribution of phosphorus to overwinter survival is secondary to varietal hardiness.
When selecting a top yielding variety it is best to use data that summarizes several years and locations. The notion that the single data set nearest your farm will indicate which variety will perform the best for you is incorrect. Choose the variety that on average performs the best at multiple locations near you over several years.
List of Tables
Table 1. 2002 Hard Red Winter Wheat variety descriptions.
Table 2. Yield of winter wheat at four locations in Western North Dakota
Table 3. Yield of winter wheat grown at four locations in Eastern North Dakota.
Table 4. Test weight of winter wheat grown in 2002 at eight locations in North Dakota.
Table 5. Protein of winter wheat grown in 2002 at six locations in North Dakota September 2002
| Table 1. 2002 Hard Red Winter Wheat variety descriptions. | |||||||||
| Variety | Agent or Origin | Year | Quality | Leaf Rust2 |
Stem Rust2 |
Maturity | Straw Strength |
Height | Winter1 Hardiness |
| Roughrider
Norstar Rita Rose Agassiz Seward Arapahoe CDC Kestrel Elkhorn AC Readymade Erhardt McGuire Morgan Rampart7 Alliance Crimson NeKota Tandem Windstar Ransom Culver Harding Millenium CDC Raptor CDC Falcon Nuplains Wesley Jerry Wahoo Expedition |
ND
Can. SD SD ND ND NE Can. ND Can. MT MT WPB MT NE SD SD/NE SD NE ND NE SD NE/SD Can. Can/WPB NE NE/SD/WY ND NE/WY SD |
1975
1977 1980 1981 1983 1987 1989 1994 1995 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1998 1999 1999 1999 2002 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 |
Good
Average Average Poor Average Poor Poor Poor Average NA NA6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Good NA Good NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Good NA Average |
S
S MS S S S MS S MR S S S NA S S MS MS S MS R NA MS/MR NA NA NA NA NA MR S MS |
R3
S MR4 MS4 R R MR S R5 S R R NA R NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA R R R |
med.
late early early med. med. med. med. med. med. med. m. early med. med. early med. early early early m. early m. early med. med. med. med. med. m. early med. med. med. |
m. strong
med. strong v. strong med. m. strong med. m. strong med. strong strong strong m. strong strong strong m. strong v. strong med. med. med. m. strong m. strong strong m. strong m. strong m. strong m. strong strong m. strong strong |
med.
tall med. short med. med. med. med. med. med. med. m. tall med. med. short med. v. short med. med. med. med. med. m. short m. short short short short med. med. med. |
good
good fair fair good good fair good good good good fair good poor good fair-good good fair fair-good good good good fair good good fair-poor fair good fair good |
| 1
Varieties with less than good winterhardiness should be seeded only in tall stubble. 2 R = resistant; MR = moderately resistant; MS = moderately susceptible; S = susceptible. 3 Slow rusting type of resistance to race 15. |
4 Susceptible in artificially induced epidemics 5 Occasionally mixed with some susceptible plants. 6 NA = data not available, or data insufficient to give rating. 7 Saw fly resistant. | ||||||||
| Table 2. Yield of winter wheat at four locations in Western North Dakota. | ||||||||||
| Williston | Dickinson | Hettinger | Minot | Average | ||||||
| Variety | 2002 | 3 Yr. Avg. | 20023 | 3 Yr. Avg. | 2002 | 3 Yr. Avg. | 2002 | 3 Yr. Avg. | 2002 | 3 Yr. Avg. |
| Agassiz | 38.1 | 31.8 | 40.8 | 55.4 | 27.6 | 52.0 | 38.8 | 61.9 | 36.3 | 50.3 |
| Alliance | 34.0 | 28.3 | 46.9 | 51.8 | 34.2 | 64.0 | 23.3 | 43.0 | 34.6 | 46.8 |
| Arapahoe | 34.7 | 31.5 | 46.9 | 59.9 | 34.9 | 66.9 | 30.5 | 58.0 | 36.8 | 54.1 |
| CDC Falcon | 38.9 | -- | 55.4 | -- | 40.3 | -- | 35.6 | -- | 42.6 | -- |
| CDC Kestrel | 33.2 | 29.7 | 39.4 | 55.4 | 30.1 | 63.3 | 42.8 | 61.2 | 36.4 | 52.4 |
| CDC Raptor | 38.3 | -- | 41.3 | -- | 34.0 | -- | 40.9 | -- | 38.6 | -- |
| Crimson | 33.7 | 28.4 | 46.8 | 53.6 | 33.0 | 60.3 | 39.3 | 63.9 | 38.2 | 51.6 |
| Culver | 35.6 | -- | 43.6 | -- | 33.2 | -- | 38.6 | -- | 37.8 | -- |
| Elkhart2 | -- | 43.2 | -- | 35.3 | -- | 17.4 | -- | 31.9 | -- | |
| Elkhorn | 33.4 | 36.4 | 37.3 | 53.7 | 28.4 | 53.1 | 41.6 | 58.4 | 35.2 | 50.4 |
| Erhardt | 34.0 | 34.5 | 35.9 | -- | 27.2 | 60.3 | 40.7 | 58.8 | 34.4 | 51.2 |
| Expedition | -- | 50.3 | -- | -- | 38.3 | -- | -- | |||
| Harding | 35.5 | -- | 52.5 | 59.1 | 34.5 | 61.1 | 39.8 | -- | 40.6 | 60.1 |
| Jerry | 39.4 | -- | 43.2 | 55.9 | 35.7 | 65.6 | 42.4 | -- | 40.2 | 60.7 |
| Millennium | 38.5 | -- | 49.3 | -- | 38.2 | -- | 36.6 | -- | 40.6 | -- |
| Morgan | 38.3 | -- | 40.4 | -- | 32.4 | 67.4 | 43.0 | -- | 38.5 | -- |
| NeKota | 37.4 | 30.4 | 47.4 | 52.5 | 37.6 | 66.8 | 30.7 | 49.7 | 38.3 | 49.9 |
| Norstar | 31.2 | 32.7 | 32.9 | 52.2 | 28.6 | 57.3 | 46.1 | 64.6 | 34.7 | 51.7 |
| Nuplains1 | 34.0 | -- | 48.5 | -- | 30.5 | -- | 31.2 | -- | 36.1 | -- |
| Pontiac2 | -- | -- | 37.1 | -- | 30.5 | -- | 8.0 | -- | 25.2 | -- |
| Ransom | 32.7 | 32.4 | 44.6 | 56.3 | 32.2 | 65.8 | 43.8 | 64.9 | 38.3 | 54.8 |
| Roughrider | 32.6 | 31.3 | 22.8 | 46.4 | 29.7 | 57.1 | 45.8 | 62.8 | 32.7 | 49.4 |
| Seward | 34.3 | 30.8 | 33.7 | 48.3 | 31.8 | 55.5 | 45.9 | 57.9 | 36.4 | 48.1 |
| Tandem | 33.1 | 29.0 | 39.2 | 51.0 | 32.8 | 59.1 | 43.4 | 61.2 | 37.1 | 50.1 |
| Wahoo | 38.3 | -- | 48.0 | -- | 41.1 | -- | 48.7 | -- | 44.0 | -- |
| Wesley | 30.3 | -- | 45.2 | -- | 40.5 | -- | 29.6 | -- | 36.4 | -- |
| Windstar | 38.3 | 32.1 | 43.2 | 53.8 | 34.7 | 60.4 | 41.5 | 60.6 | 39.4 | 51.7 |
| Mean | 35.3 | -- | 42.8 | -- | 33.8 | -- | 38.0 | -- | 37.5 | -- |
| 1Hard white winter wheat
2Soft red winter wheat 3Wheat streak mosaic virus infested the study; symptoms were most visible for Roughrider but also affected at least some plots of Erhardt, Jerry, Ransom, Roughrider, and Tandem. | ||||||||||
| Table 3. Yield of winter wheat grown at four locations in Eastern North Dakota. | ||||||||||||
| Carrington | Langdon | Casselton3 | Lisbon | Average | State Avg. | |||||||
| Variety | 2002 | 3 Yr.
Avg. |
2002 | 3 Yr.
Avg. |
2000-2001
2 Yr. Avg. |
2002 | 2002 | 3 Yr.
Avg. |
2002 | 3 Yr.
Avg. | ||
| Agassiz | 41.7 | 52.6 | 57.5 | 57.4 | 55.5 | 37.7 | 45.6 | 55.0 | 40.3 | 51.8 | ||
| Alliance | 41.6 | 52.3 | 51.4 | 66.3 | 67.0 | 40.1 | 44.3 | 59.3 | 38.7 | 51.0 | ||
| Arapahoe | 37.7 | 58.5 | 72.6 | 70.9 | 71.8 | 37.4 | 49.2 | 64.7 | 42.1 | 57.6 | ||
| CDC Falcon | 44.4 | -- | 67.2 | -- | -- | 40.3 | 50.6 | -- | 46.0 | -- | ||
| CDC Kestrel | 45.2 | 57.5 | 65.6 | 67.0 | 72.8 | 42.4 | 51.0 | 62.3 | 42.7 | 55.7 | ||
| CDC Raptor | 45.7 | -- | 61.6 | -- | -- | 38.2 | 48.5 | -- | 42.9 | -- | ||
| Crimson | 36.3 | 44.2 | 54.5 | 60.4 | 58.8 | 39.4 | 43.4 | 52.3 | 40.4 | 51.8 | ||
| Culver | 38.3 | -- | 56.8 | -- | -- | 37.1 | 44.1 | -- | 40.4 | -- | ||
| Elkhart2 | 28.5 | -- | 44.4 | -- | -- | 35.6 | 36.1 | -- | 34.1 | -- | ||
| Elkhorn | 44.3 | 52.1 | 66.7 | 65.1 | 54.1 | 36.8 | 49.3 | 58.6 | 41.2 | 53.1 | ||
| Erhardt | 35.2 | 46.2 | 42.6 | 51.2 | -- | 34.7 | 37.5 | 48.7 | 35.8 | 50.2 | ||
| Expedition | 37.5 | -- | 61.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Harding | 44.9 | -- | 67.3 | 69.0 | 67.7 | 40.2 | 50.8 | -- | 44.9 | -- | ||
| Jerry | 47.8 | 60.9 | 66.6 | 70.5 | -- | 32.7 | 49.0 | 65.7 | 44.0 | 63.2 | ||
| Millennium | 38.8 | -- | 67.1 | -- | -- | 37.0 | 47.6 | --- | 43.6 | -- | ||
| Morgan | 41.0 | -- | 60.9 | -- | -- | 38.0 | 46.6 | -- | 42.0 | -- | ||
| NeKota | 35.4 | 50.5 | 50.4 | 61.9 | 68.3 | 39.3 | 41.7 | 56.2 | 39.7 | 52.0 | ||
| Norstar | 45.0 | 53.8 | 41.1 | 52.7 | 43.5 | 38.2 | 41.4 | 53.3 | 37.6 | 52.2 | ||
| Nuplains1 | 36.5 | -- | 40.4 | 55.8 | -- | 32.1 | 36.3 | -- | 36.2 | -- | ||
| Pontiac2 | -- | -- | 48.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Ransom | 48.0 | 58.1 | 62.5 | 66.3 | 71.9 | 30.1 | 46.9 | 62.2 | 42.0 | 57.3 | ||
| Roughrider | 39.9 | 51.9 | 50.3 | 57.9 | 43.5 | 30.8 | 40.3 | 54.9 | 36.0 | 51.2 | ||
| Seward | 45.0 | 55.6 | 54.5 | 56.3 | 43.4 | 36.0 | 45.2 | 56.0 | 40.2 | 50.7 | ||
| Tandem | 38.5 | 51.2 | 55.7 | 64.1 | 73.3 | 38.9 | 44.4 | 57.7 | 40.2 | 52.6 | ||
| Wahoo | 39.8 | -- | 65.7 | -- | -- | 51.3 | 52.3 | -- | 47.6 | -- | ||
| Wesley | 32.8 | -- | 56.2 | -- | -- | 38.8 | 42.6 | -- | 39.1 | -- | ||
| Windstar | 41.9 | 54.3 | 63.7 | 66.4 | 62.6 | 38.4 | 48.0 | 60.4 | 43.1 | 54.6 | ||
| Mean | 40.8 | -- | 58.2 | -- | -- | 37.6 | -- | 45.5 | 40.8 | |||
| 1Hard white winter wheat.
2 Soft red winter wheat 32002 Yield data at Casselton discarded due to water/ice damage. | ||||||||||||
| Table 4. Test weight of winter wheat grown in 2002 at eight locations in North Dakota. | |||||||||
| Variety | Williston | Dickinson | Hettinger | Minot | Carrington | Langdon | Casselton | Lisbon | Average |
| ---------------------------------------------------------lb/bu------------------------------------------------------- | |||||||||
| Agassiz | 59.1 | 48.2 | 53.7 | 58.7 | 62.5 | 59.5 | 55.3 | 55.8 | 56.6 |
| Alliance | 57.1 | 45.0 | 56.0 | 57.6 | 61.3 | 55.9 | 54.5 | 54.8 | 55.3 |
| Arapahoe | 57.8 | 47.8 | 56.7 | 57.8 | 62.2 | 58.9 | 55.8 | 54.3 | 56.4 |
| CDC Falcon | 57.0 | 47.7 | 53.9 | 57.0 | 62.3 | 58.1 | 57.3 | 54.2 | 55.9 |
| CDC Kestrel | 57.0 | 45.0 | 51.5 | 56.8 | 60.4 | 57.6 | 54.7 | 53.5 | 54.6 |
| CDC Raptor | 57.8 | 44.2 | 53.9 | 57.8 | 61.5 | 56.8 | 55.5 | 53.5 | 55.1 |
| Crimson | 59.5 | 27.2 | 55.6 | 59.7 | 62.4 | 59.8 | 55.7 | 57.7 | 54.7 |
| Culver | 58.0 | 45.5 | 55.0 | 57.0 | 60.6 | 56.3 | 54.2 | 54.5 | 55.1 |
| Elkhart1 | -- | 45.2 | 56.0 | 56.2 | 61.7 | 55.6 | 53.8 | 55.5 | 54.8 |
| Elkhorn | 56.3 | 46.4 | 54.0 | 57.3 | 58.3 | 58.9 | 53.2 | 52.8 | 54.7 |
| Erhardt | 59.7 | 49.2 | 55.9 | 59.0 | 61.6 | 57.3 | 56.0 | 54.2 | 56.6 |
| Expedition | -- | 48.2 | -- | 57.6 | 62.3 | 58.5 | 37.0 | 42.0 | -- |
| Harding | 58.4 | 49.1 | 55.2 | 58.3 | 61.2 | 59.0 | 53.2 | 55.5 | 56.2 |
| Jerry | 58.1 | 49.2 | 55.5 | 57.7 | 62.3 | 58.1 | 55.7 | 53.5 | 56.3 |
| Millennium | 59.6 | 47.8 | 57.2 | 58.4 | 61.6 | 59.0 | 55.8 | 55.7 | 56.9 |
| Morgan | 58.3 | 44.4 | 54.0 | 57.1 | 61.6 | 57.4 | 56.3 | 53.5 | 55.3 |
| NeKota | 59.1 | 48.0 | 57.5 | 58.5 | 62.1 | 59.1 | 56.8 | 54.3 | 56.9 |
| Norstar | 59.3 | 43.1 | 55.1 | 59.2 | 62.3 | 57.8 | 58.2 | 54.7 | 56.2 |
| Nuplains1 | 60.1 | 48.9 | 55.5 | 59.1 | 62.7 | 56.9 | 59.0 | 56.5 | 57.3 |
| Pontiac2 | -- | 47.2 | 55.3 | 56.4 | 60.9 | 58.5 | -- | -- | -- |
| Ransom | 56.4 | 45.1 | 54.4 | 56.4 | 61.1 | 58.4 | 55.3 | 50.5 | 54.7 |
| Roughrider | 59.0 | 40.2 | 55.4 | 59.4 | 62.3 | 59.4 | 57.5 | 54.5 | 56.0 |
| Seward | 58.9 | 46.0 | 54.4 | 58.6 | 62.7 | 58.8 | 56.0 | 54.0 | 56.2 |
| Tandem | 59.2 | 44.4 | 56.8 | 59.3 | 61.8 | 59.0 | 57.0 | 56.0 | 56.7 |
| Wahoo | 57.2 | 44.3 | 56.2 | 57.0 | 60.7 | 56.1 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 55.2 |
| Wesley | 56.5 | 44.8 | 57.6 | 57.0 | 60.9 | 57.9 | 56.5 | 54.2 | 55.7 |
| Windstar | 60.1 | 45.8 | 58.5 | 59.5 | 62.3 | 60.1 | 57.8 | 55.5 | 57.5 |
| Mean | 58.3 | 45.5 | 55.5 | 58.0 | 61.6 | 58.1 | 55.1 | 54.1 | 55.9 |
| 1Hard white winter wheat
2Soft red winter wheat | |||||||||
| Table 5. Protein of winter wheat grown in 2002 at six locations in North Dakota | |||||||
| Variety | Minot | Hettinger | Carrington | Langdon | Casselton | Lisbon | Average |
| --------------------------------------------------% Protein--------------------------------------------------- | |||||||
| Agassiz | 14.3 | 16.3 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 15.8 | 13.9 |
| Alliance | 12.3 | 15.0 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 13.3 | 12.7 |
| Arapahoe | 13.7 | 16.0 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 15.6 | 14.0 |
| CDC Falcon | 13.3 | 16.6 | 11.1 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 14.2 | 13.5 |
| CDC Kestrel | 12.7 | 15.4 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 14.0 | 12.6 |
| CDC Raptor | 13.2 | 16.2 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.5 | 14.4 | 13.3 |
| Crimson | 13.6 | 16.1 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 13.7 |
| Culver | 12.8 | 15.2 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.8 | 14.3 | 13.2 |
| Elkhart2 | 13.2 | 16.2 | 12.7 | 12.1 | 13.2 | 15.1 | 13.8 |
| Elkhorn | 14.5 | 16.3 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 15.1 | 13.8 |
| Erhardt | 14.3 | 16.6 | 13.1 | 12.9 | 14.2 | 16.0 | 14.5 |
| Expedition | -- | -- | -- | 12.1 | -- | -- | -- |
| Harding | 13.2 | 16.3 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 14.0 | 15.3 | 14.0 |
| Jerry | 13.4 | 16.2 | 11.1 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 15.1 | 13.7 |
| Millennium | 12.6 | 15.4 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 13.0 | 14.8 | 13.5 |
| Morgan | 14.1 | 16.3 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 14.7 | 13.5 |
| NeKota | 13.2 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 13.4 |
| Norstar | 14.4 | 16.3 | 10.4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 14.9 | 13.2 |
| Nuplains1 | 13.6 | 16.3 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 15.4 | 13.9 |
| Pontiac2 | 13.7 | 15.9 | 13.8 | 12.0 | -- | -- | -- |
| Ransom | 13.0 | 16.0 | 11.7 | 12.0 | 12.8 | 14.6 | 13.4 |
| Roughrider | 14.3 | 16.5 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 15.8 | 14.0 |
| Seward | 14.1 | 15.8 | 12.0 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 14.8 | 13.2 |
| Tandem | 13.4 | 15.5 | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12.9 | 14.8 | 13.5 |
| Wahoo | 13.1 | 15.8 | 13.1 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 14.2 | 13.7 |
| Wesley | 13.9 | 15.6 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 14.2 |
| Windstar | 13.5 | 16.0 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 13.5 | 15.1 | 13.8 |
| Mean | 13.5 | 15.9 | 12.0 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 14.9 | 13.6 |
| 1Hard white winter wheat 2 Soft red winter wheat | |||||||
|
The following contributed data reported in this circular: |
|
For more information on this and other topics, see: www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu |
A-1196, September 2002
NDSU Extension Service, North Dakota State University of Agriculture and
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