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2008 North Dakota Weed Control Guide
W-253, January 2008
R. K. Zollinger, NDSU Extension Weed Specialist
SHELTERBELT WEED CONTROL
Extension Bulletin W-1097, "Weed Control in Tree Plantings" provides additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Remarks Refer to Paragraph U1
Casoron
(dichlobenil)
| 100 to 200 lb 4G
(4 to 8 lb)
| Volatile, especially from wet soil. Preemergence herbicide for control of annual and perennial
weeds in new plantings established at least 4 weeks. Most effective when applied in November
or March just before rain or snow to activate and move dichlobenil into the soil,
Finale
(glufosinate)
| 2 to 6 qt
(0.5 to 1.5 lb)
| Non-selective, non-residual, contact herbicide. Directed application only. Controls many annual
and perennial weeds. Use 1.5 to 4 fl oz/gal for spot application. Use 3 to 4 qt/A for weeds less
than 6 to 8 inches tall or 5 to 6 qt/A for weeds greater than 6 to 8 inches.
Fusilade DX
(fluazifop-P)
| 1 to 1.5 pt
(0.25 to 0.38 lb)
| Translocated, postemergence, non-residual herbicide for control of annual and perennial
grasses. Spot spray or apply over-the-top of woody species. Add oil additive at 1 qt/A.
| Glyphosate
| 2% solution or
Up to 1.125 lb ae
See Remarks.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.38 ae 0.57 ae 0.75 ae 1.125ae
3 4 = 16 fl oz 24 fl oz 32 fl oz 48 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 12 fl oz 18 fl oz 24 fl oz 36 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 11 fl oz 16 fl oz 22 fl oz 32 fl oz
5 6.1 = 10 fl oz 15 fl oz 20 fl oz 30 fl oz
Non-selective, non-residual, translocated, postemergence herbicide. Effective on annual and
perennial plants. Directed spray only. Apply with AMS. Avoid contact to desirable species. For
hand-held sprayers, use 1 to 1.5 fl oz/gal for small annual weeds or 2.5 to 3 fl oz/gal for
perennial weeds. Refer to label for adjuvant use. A4 X1
Goal
(oxyfluorfen)
| 5 to 10 pt 1.6E
4 to 8 pt 2XL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Residual, preemergence or contact herbicide for control of broadleaf weeds including kochia
and some grass weeds. General: Do not incorporate in soil. Apply POST with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
User must possess North Dakota 24C SLN label at time of application. Can be applied with a
residual herbicide or as a split application. Conifers: Apply pre-transplant, POST or POST-directed prior to bud-break or after new foliage has hardened off. Hardwoods: Apply pre-transplant or POST-directed prior to bud-break. Spray only the base of deciduous trees and
not over- the-top. If a non-dormant application is required, apply after new foliage has
expanded and hardened off and NOT during periods of new growth. Avoid direct or indirect
spray contact with foliage of deciduous trees.
Karmex/Direx
(diuron)
| 2.5 to 5 lb DF
(2 to 4)
| Preemergence herbicide for plantings established at least one year. Apply as directed spray.
Tolerance of labeled species is fair to very good. Do not use on light soil or in low, wet areas.
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 8 to 12 fl oz
(2 to 3 oz)
| Apply with MSO at 2 qt/A. Controls many broadleaf weeds including leafy spurge. Can spray in
and around tree species. Do not use on new plantings or seedling trees. Fall treatment will kill
lilac and will cause temporary yellowing of spruce candles. Higher rates will reduce grass
stands. Refer to label for list of tolerant tree species. Use caution on trees not listed on label.
Poast/Vantage
(sethoxydim)
| 1.5 to 2.5 pt Poast
2.25 to 3.75 pt
Vntg (0.1 to 0.5 lb)
| Translocated, postemergence, non-residual herbicide for control of annual and perennial
grasses. Spot spray or apply over-the-top of most woody species. Add oil additive at 1 qt/A.
Use a minimum of 5 to 10 gpa. Spray to wet foliage.
Princep 4L
Caliber 90
Simazine 4L
Simazine 90DF
(simazine)
| 2 to 4 qt
2.2 to 4.4 lb DF
(2 to 4 lb)
| Use only on tree plantings at least three years old. Preemergence herbicide that is most
effective on annual broadleaf weeds. For adequate annual grass control apply with a
preemergence, residual grass herbicide. Apply in fall or spring in full or split-rate applications.
Use high rate in fine textured soils. Refer to label for list of registered tree species.
| Clopyralid
| 0.25 to 0.67 pt
(0.1 to 0.25 lb)
| Safe to some conifer species only. Translocated, postemergence, broadleaf herbicide.
Effective on weeds in the legume, smartweed (polygonum) and sunflower (composite) families.
Provides excellent control of Canada thistle and knapweeds.. Apply to actively growing weeds.
Stomp
Pendulum
(pendimethalin)
| 2 to 4 qt
3.3 to 6.6 lb WDG
(2 to 4 lb)
| Preemergence herbicide for control of annual grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf
weeds. Apply before bud break to avoid potential growth suppression. Apply with
preemergence broadleaf herbicide for broad spectrum annual weed control.
| Trifluralin
| 1 to 2 pt
(0.5 to 1 lb)
80 lb 5G
(4 lb)
| Apply PPI for new plantings or established trees. Gives season long control of many annual
grasses and some broadleaf weeds. Does not control weeds in the sunflower, legume or
mustard family. Poor perennial weed control but may suppress field bindweed. Cultivation may
be required for broadleaf weed control the first season. Apply with a residual preemergence
broadleaf herbicide for broad-spectrum weed control.
| 2,4-D amine
| 1 to 2 qt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Translocated, postemergence, broadleaf herbicide. Directed application only. Used to reduce
infestations of perennial weeds. Broadleaf plants and deciduous trees very sensitive. Avoid
drift to desirable species. Use only amine formulations. Use low pressure, coarse spray
droplets and apply only in calm weather. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Herbicide
| Product/A
(lb ai/A)
|
Remarks Refer to Paragraph V1
| Glyphosate
| Up to 1.5 lb ae
See Remarks.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.75 ae 1.25 ae 1.5 ae
3 4 = 32 fl oz 48 fl oz 64 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 24 fl oz 36 fl oz 48 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 22 fl oz 32 fl oz 44 fl oz
5 6.1 = 20 fl oz 30 fl oz 40 fl oz
Non-selective, non-residual, translocated herbicide.
Effective on annual and perennial grass and broadleaf plants.
May be mixed with 2,4-D or dicamba for broad-spectrum of weed control.
A4-6
Finale
(glufosinate)
| 3 to 6 qt
(0.75 to 1.5 lb)
| Non-selective, non-residual contact herbicide. Use 1.5 to 4 fl oz/gal for spot application, 3 to 4
qt/A for weeds less than 6 to 8 inches, 5 to 6 qt/A for weeds greater than 6 to 8 inches.
Paraquat
RUP
| 2 to 2.7 pt
(0.75 to 1 lb)
| Non-selective, non-residual, contact herbicide. Controls top-growth only of perennial species.
Add NIS and repeat application as necessary. Avoid drift and contact with desirable species.
Diuron/Direx
Karmex
(diuron)
| 1 to 8 gal
5 to 15 lb
(4 to 32 lb)
| Refer to label for use in irrigation ditches. Higher rates needed for perennial grasses and
broadleaf weeds. Deep rooted perennials will require retreatment. Long residual.
Hyvar X
Hyvar X-L
(bromacil)
| 3 to 15 lb DF
0.75 to 6 gal L
(2.4 to 12 lb DF
1.5 to 12 lb L)
| Apply PRE or EPOST. Requires moisture for activation.
Annual weeds Perennial weeds Woody plants
Hyvar X 3 to 6 lb DF 7 to 15 lb 7 to 15 lb
Hyvar X-L 1 to 3 gal/A 3 to 6 gal/A 3 to 6 gal/A
Non-corrosive, nonvolatile, nonflammable. Refer to label for tank-mixes.
Bromacil can move horizontally in soil after application. Long residual.
Krovar I
(bromacil + diuron)
| 6 to 16 lb DF
(4.8 to 12.8 lb)
| Control of annual grass and broadleaf weeds. Apply PRE. Requires moisture for activation.
Refer to label for registered tank-mixes. Bromacil can move horizontally in soil after
application. Long residual.
Oust XP
(sulfometuron)
| 2 to 4 oz DF
(1.5 to 3 oz)
| Use high rate in high moisture areas except in residential properties. Will control leafy spurge
at 3 oz/A. Do not spray near water. Long residual.
Landmark MP
Landmark II MP
(sulfometuron &
chlorsulfuron)
| 1 pkg/5 A to
1 pkg/2.5 A
(1.5 to 3 oz)
| Apply PRE to EPOST for broadleaf weeds. Will control/suppress leafy spurge.
May be applied with Krovar I DF, or Hyvar X to control ALS resistant weeds.
Long residual.
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 8 to 12 fl oz
(2 to 3 oz)
| Add MSO at 2 pt/A. Controls many broadleaf weeds including leafy spurge. May use up to 12 fl
oz in combination with Arsenal, Sahara, glyphosate, Oust, diuron and other total-vegetation-
control herbicides. T12
Pramitol 25E
(prometon)
| 5 to 10 gal
(10 to 15 lb)
| Use 5 to 7.5 gal/A for annual and susceptible perennial weeds, 7.5 to 10 gal/A for hard-to-kill
perennial weeds. Apply before weeds emerge or EPOST. Long residual.
Spike 20P
(tebuthiuron)
| 3.75 to 20 lb
(0.74 to 4 lb)
| For long-term woody plant and some broadleaf weed control. Avoid application in areas with
surface or high water tables. Do not exceed 4 lb ai/A in a three year period. See label for
specific species controlled, grazing and haying restrictions and other information.
Long residual.
| Spike 80DF
(tebuthiuron)
| 1.5 to 5 lb
(1.2 to 4 lb)
Sahara
(imazapyr & diuron)
| 3 to 4 A/copack or
6.5 to 13 lb DF
(0.5 to 1 & 4 to 8 lb)
| Provides residual PRE and POST control of annual weeds and POST control of perennial
weeds. Apply Sahara POST with NIS at 0.25% v/v or MSO-type adjuvants at 1.5 to 2 pt/A
alone or with UAN at 2 to 3 pt/A. Apply Topsite 2.5G prior to weed emergence at 0.5 to 0.7 lb
2.5G/100 sq. ft. Can be tank-mixed with Roundup, Finale, Krovar, Hyvar X, Oust, Garlon, and
Clarity. Do not apply with 2,4-D due to reduced weed control.
Long residual. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TROUBLESOME WEEDS IN PASTURE, RANGELAND, AND
NONCROPLAND
| Weed
| Herbicide
| Product/A
| Remarks and Paragraphs
Buckbrush
(West. snowberry)
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Cimarron Max
| 2 to 3 qt 4EC/SL
0.25 oz + 1 pt (co-pack)
| Anytime during the growing season when plants
are not stressed.
| Baby's breath
| Escort
Escort + dicamba
| 0.3 to 0.6 oz DF
0.45 oz DF + 1 pt
| Very effective. Best when applied from bolting to
pre-flower growth stage.
Use NIS at 0.25% v/v.
| Burdock
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Cimarron Max
Dicamba
| 1 qt 4EC/SL
0.25 oz + 1 pt (co-pack)
1 pt
| Early summer prior to flowering.
| Curly dock
| Cimarron Max
Dicamba
Metsulfuron + NIS
Redeem
Starane
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 0.25 oz + 1 pt (co-pack)
0.5 to 1 pt
1/10 oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
1 to 2 pt
0.5 to 0.67 pt
0.5 to 1 pt + 1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
| Early spring to bolting is best.
Herbicides will control curly dock when treated later
in the summer but will need higher rates.
| Dandelion
| 2,4-D amine or ester
2,4-D+MCPA+dicamba
Express + NIS
Redeem
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
See label
1/6 to 1/3 oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
1.5 to 2 pt
| Best in early fall following several light frosts.
Express labeled only on cropland and fallow.
| Foxtail barley
| Plateau
| 8 to 12 fl oz
| Apply with MSO at 1 qt/A + 28% UAN at 1 qt/A.
| Goldenrod
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Cimarron Max
Metsulfuron + NIS
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 3 to 6 pt 4EC/SL
1 oz + 4 pt (co-pack)
1/3 to �� oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
| Mid-June through flowering when plants are not
stressed.
| Gumweed
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Cimarron Max
Metsulfuron + NIS
| 1.5 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
1 oz + 4 pt (co-pack)
1 oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
| Early spring when plants are not stressed.
| Houndstongue
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Metsulfuron + NIS
Plateau
| 2 pt 4EC/SL
1 to 2 oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
8 to 12 oz
| 2,4-D: Apply to 1st year plants from May to June.
Met: Very effective through the growing season.
Plateau: Controls plants applied PRE and POST.
| Mint
| Cimarron Max
Dicamba + 2,4-D
Metsulfuron + NIS
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 1 oz + 4 pt (co-pack)
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
1/3 to �� oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
| Mid-June through flowering when plants are not
stressed.
| Poison ivy
| Crossbow
Garlon 3A or 4
| 1.5 gal
3 to 4 pt or 2 to 3 pt
| Plants actively growing.
Prairie wild rose
(State flower of ND)
| Cimarron Max
Dicamba + 2,4-D
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 0.5 oz + 2 pt (co-pack)
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
0.5 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
| Anytime during the growing season when plants
are not stressed.
| Prickly pear cactus
| Tordon RUP
| 2 pt
| Late-spring to early summer.
| Ragweed
| Cimarron Max
Redeem
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 0.25 oz + 1 pt (co-pack)
1.5 to 2 pt
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
| Mid to late summer.
| Fringed sagebrush
| 2,4-D ester
Cimarron Max
Tordon RUP
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
1 oz + 4 pt (co-pack)
1 to 2 pt
| Best in May. Plants should be leafed out and
growing in good moisture conditions.
| Silver sagebrush
| 2,4-D ester
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
| Green sagewort
| 2,4-D ester
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
| 4 pt 4EC/SL
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
| WY big sagebrush
| 2,4-D ester
| 4 pt 4EC/SL
| Swamp smartweed
| Dicamba
Metsulfuron + NIS
Tordon + 2,4-D RUP
Weedmaster
| 0.5 to 1 pt
1/10 oz + 0.25 to 0.5% v/v
1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL
1 pt
| Plants 1 to 4 inches tall.
Mid to late summer.
| Trees, volunteer
| Crossbow
Tordon+2,4-D+Remedy RUP
| 2% solution or 2 gal/A
2% or 1 pt + 1 qt 4EC/SL + 1 pt
| Apply with NIS at 0.5% v/v. Apply after tree leaves
have fully expanded.
| Wild licorice
| 2,4-D amine or ester
| 1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
| Early June when plants are not stressed. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TROUBLESOME WEEDS IN
CROPLAND AND OTHER AREAS
| Weed
| Herbicide
| Product/A
| Remarks and Paragraphs
| Alfalfa
| 2,4-D + dicamba
Clopyralid/clopyralid + 2,4-D
| 2 pt 4EC/SL + 0.5 pt
2/3 pt / 4 pt
| Glyphosate (2 to 4 pt/A) is less effective.
| Buffalobur
| Dicamba
| 0.5 pt
| Cobra, 2,4-D, MCPA, and Pursuit are less effective.
| Cleavers/Catch-weed bedstraw
| Paramount
Starane
Thifensulfuron + tribenuron
| 0.33 lb DF + MSO at 1.5 pt/A
2/3 pt
4 oz SP / 0.6 oz SP
| Liberty is less effective.
Apply Paramount with MSO at 1.5 pt/A
| Cattail
| Glyphosate (only 4 lb ae/gal
no adjuvant formulations)
| 4.5 pt of 4 lb ae/gal conc.
| Apply with approved NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Apply at early to
full bloom stage (late July to mid August). A4
| Arsenal/Habitat
| 2 to 4 pt (1% v/v solution)
| Apply to cattail with green foliage/after leaf elongation.
| Curly dock
| Clopyralid / clopyralid+2,4-D
| 2/3 pt / 2 pt
| Thifensulfuron + tribenuron is less effective.
| Common
milkweed
| Glyphosate
Tordon RUP / + 2,4-D
Tribenuron+2,4-D+dicamba
| 2%
2 to 3 pt / 2 pt + 2 pt 4EC/SL
1/3 oz DF + 0.75 pt + 2 fl oz
| Glyt - Suppression only. Will require retreatment. A4
Tordon - Apply at late bud to early flower stage. See T3.
Trib + 2,4-D + dic - Apply high rates for spot treatment.
| Dandelion
| 2,4-D amine or ester
Clopyralid
Dicamba
Tribenuron + NIS
Glyphosate
Impact
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
Refer to premix label.
0.5 pt. Apply with 2,4-D
0.5 oz SG. Apply with 2,4-D.
1 to 1.5 lb ae
0.75 fl oz
| 2,4-D - Best control when applied in fall.
Clopyralid - Apply premixes - Curtail, Hornet, WideMatch
Dicamba - Residue may injure crop to be planted.
Tribenuron - May give only partial control.
Glyphosate - May give only partial control.
Impact - May give only partial control.
Equisetum
(Horsetail)
(Scouring rush)
| MCPA
Permit
Python
Remedy/Garlon
Telar (Glean) or Oust
| 1 qt/A 4EC/SL
1.33 oz DF + MSO
1.33 oz DF + MSO
2 qt
3 oz DF + adjuvant
| Glyphosate is less effective. Retreatment necessary.
Permit - Apply two applications each at 1.33 oz/A.
Python - Apply with NIS or oil adjuvant PRE or POST.
Remedy/Garlon and MCPA - Apply fall or spring.
Telar and Oust - Will result in total vegetation control.
| False chamomile
| Bromoxynil + MCPA
Most SU herbicides
Tordon RUP
Glyphosate
| 1 pt 4EC
See label + adjuvant
1 to 1.5 pt
2 pt of a 3 lb ae/gal conc.
| Bromoxynil + MCPA - Plants should be <4 inches tall.
SU herbicides - Apply with NIS at 0.25 % v/v.
Tordon - Use high rate for plants >4 inches tall.
Glyphosate - Avoid spraying desirable vegetation. A4
| Flax, volunteer
| Flexstar/Reflex
Paramount
Pursuit + Sencor (PRE)
Starane
Thifensulfuron + tribenuron
Tribenuron + 2,4-D
Ultra Blazer
| 0.5 to 0.75 pt + oil adjuvant
0.33 oz DF + MSO adjuvant
0.375 + 1 to 2 fl oz
2/3 pt
0.4 oz SP / 0.6 oz SP
1/3 oz + 0.75 pt 4EC/SL
1.5 pt + adjuvant
| Flexstar/Reflex - Apply oil adjuvant at 1% v/v.
Paramount - Apply with MSO adjuvant at 1.5 pt/A.
Starane - No adjuvant needed.
Thifenfulfuron + tribenuron - Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Tribenuron - Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Ultra Blazer - Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
| Hemp dogbane
| 2,4-D + dicamba
Glyphosate
| 1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL + 1 pt
2% v/v
| Dicamba at 2 pt/A will injure some crops planted the next
year. A4
Horseweed
(Marestail)
| 2,4-D
Callisto, Impact, Laudis
FirstRate
Hornet
Python
Spartan
Valor
| 1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
3 fl oz, 3 fl oz, 2 to 3 fl oz
0.3 oz WDG + adjuvant
3 to 4 oz WDG + adjuvant
1 oz WDG
3 to 6 fl oz
2 to 3 oz WDG
| Glyphosate, atrazine, paraquat are less effective.
Pursuit is not effective.
2,4-D applied as a preplant burndown to some labeled
crops is effective.
Callisto, FirstRate, Peak, and Spartan may injure
successive crops.
Follow label guidelines.
| Nightflowering
catchfly
| Thifensulfuron + tribenuron
Thifensulfuron
Huskie (not confirmed)
| 0.6 to 1 oz SG
0.5 oz SG
15 fl oz
| Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Huskie controls other cockle species.
Sowthistle
(Ann. or perennial)
| Cimarron Max
Metsulfuron
| 0.25 to 0.5 oz + 1 to 2 pt
1/10 oz DF + adjuvant
| 2,4-D, dicamba, Curtail, and glyphosate are less
effective.
| Waterpod
| 2,4-D, Pursuit or SU
| See label.
| See Pursuit label for crop rotation restrictions.
| Wild cucumber
| Dicamba
Glyphosate
| 0.5 to 1 pt
0.38 to 0.75 lb ae
| Dicamba may injure or kill trees. Mechanical control or
handweed is best. Dicamba may injure trees. A4
| Yellow nutsedge
| Permit
Basagran (sequential apps)
| 2/3 to 1.33 oz DF + adjuvant
1.5 pt fb 1.5 pt + oil adjuvant
| Pursuit, Dual, glyphosate are less effective.
Permit may injure crops planted the following years. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continue to next page
W-253, January 2008
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