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2008 North Dakota Weed Control Guide
W-253, January 2008
R. K. Zollinger, NDSU Extension Weed Specialist
SPECIAL WEED PROBLEMS
North Dakota Noxious and Troublesome Weeds
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/invasiveweeds/
By North Dakota Law, all land owners must control noxious weeds on their property.
Refer to the following Extension Circulars for additional information:
Bindweed, field* 52-53
Extension Circular W-802, "Identification and Control of Field Bindweed"
Knapweed, diffuse* 54
Knapweed, Russian* 54
Knapweed, spotted* 54
Extension Circular W-1146, "Know your Knapweeds"
Lythrum or purple loosestrife* 55
Extension Circular W-1132, "Identification and Control of Purple Loosestrife"
Quackgrass 55
Saltcedar* 55
Extension Circular W-1223, "Saltcedar Identification and Control"
Spurge, leafy* 56-57
Extension Circular W-765, "Leafy Spurge Identification and Control"
Extension Circular W-866, "Integrated Management of Leafy Spurge"
Extension Circular W-1088, "Leafy Spurge - Biology, Ecology and Management"
Starthistle, yellow* 54
Extension Circular W-1222, "Yellow Starthistle Identification and Control"
Thistle, bull 60
Thistle, Canada* 58-59
Thistle, musk* 60
Thistle, plumeless 60
Extension Circular W-799, "Perennial and Biennial Thistle Control"
Extension Circular W-1120, "Thistles of North Dakota"
Toadflax, dalmatian* 61
Toadflax, yellow 61
Extension Circular W-1239, "Dalmatian and Yellow Toadflax, Identification and Control"
Wormwood, absinth* 61
Extension Circular W-838, "Absinth Wormwood Control"
* Weed is a North Dakota State Noxious Weed.
Other extension circulars that have additional information:
Extension Publication "Right-of-Way Certification Manual"
Extension Circular W-1097, "Weed Control in Tree Plantings"
Shelterbelt weed control 62
Total vegetation weed control 63
Troublesome weeds in pasture, rangeland, and noncropland 64
Troublesome weeds in cropland and other areas 64
BINDWEED, FIELD
Extension Bulletin W-802, "Identification and Control of Field Bindweed" provides additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| Glyphosate +
dicamba
| Up to 1.5 lb ae +
1 pt
(1.5 lb ae + 0.5 lb)
See Remarks.
| Preplant, fallow,
post-harvest, and
CRP.
| Actively growing.
Vines: At least 12
inches long. Apply
at beyond full
bloom.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 1.5 ae
3 4 = 64 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 48 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 44 oz
5 6.1 = 40 fl oz
Less potential for soil residual than with higher rates of
dicamba. Prepackaged mixtures available. Apply with
AMS fertilizer. Refer to label for adjuvant use.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
A4-6 Q1 Z1
| Glyphosate + 2,4-D
| Up to 0.375 lb ae +
1.5 pt 4EC/SL
(0.38 + 0.75 lb)
| Preplant, fallow,
post-harvest.
| Vines: 6 to 18
inches.
| Suppression in patches or individual plants.
Allow at least 7 days between application and tillage.
Control is reduced under dry conditions.
Add AMS to improve weed control.
A4-6 Q1 Z1
| 2,4-D amine or
ester
| 1.5 to 2 pt 4SL
(0.75 to 1.0 lb)
1.33 to 2 pt 4EC
(0.66 to 1.0 lb)
| Spring wheat and
barley.
| Crop: Tiller stage.
| The high rate may injure crop but may be beneficial,
especially in small areas, to control bindweed.
Does not provide long term control.
T6 Z1
Tribenuron +
2,4-D +
dicamba
| 0.17 to 0.3 oz DF
0.25 to 0.5 oz SG +
0.5 pt 4EC/SL +
2 to 3 fl oz
(0.125 to 0.25 oz +
0.25 + 1 to 1.44 oz)
| Spring wheat
including durum.
| Crop: Tillering and
before crop
exceeds the
5-leaf stage.
| Treatments will provide season-long control.
2,4-D enhances weed control and crop safety.
Apply with NIS at 0.125% v/v.
See section on herbicide resistance.
Crop rotation restrictions the following year for
metsulfuron.
Do not apply metsulfuron within 22 months from last
metsulfuron treatment or on soils above a pH of 7.9.
Refer to metsulfuron label for additional restrictions.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
B11 B17 T6 Y3 Y11 Y24 Z1
Metsulfuron +
2,4-D +
dicamba
| 1/20 to 1/10 oz XP
+ 0.5 pt 4EC/SL
+ 2 to 3 fl oz
(0.0375 to 0.075 oz
+ 0.25 lb +
1 to 1.44 oz)
| 2,4-D
| 1 pt 4EC/SL
(0.5 lb)
| Corn.
| Corn: 3 to 8 inches
tall.
| Use drop nozzles after corn is more than 8 inches tall.
Provides field bindweed suppression only.
C23 T2 Z1
| Dicamba
| 0.5 to 1 pt
(0.25 lb)
| Corn: See
remarks.
| Apply 0.5 to 1 pt/A up to 8 inches tall.
Apply 0.5 pt/A post-direct from 8 inches to 36 inches
tall or 15 days prior to tassel.
C10 C17 T6 Z1
| Glyphosate
| 1 to 1.5% solution
or
Up to 3 lb ae
(3 lb ae)
See Remarks.
| Patches in wheat,
barley, oat, corn,
soybean or trees.
| Crop: Prior to
heading or
flowering.
Bindweed: Bud to
flowering stage.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 1.5 ae 2.25 ae 3 ae
3 4 = 64 fl oz 96 fl oz 128 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 48 fl oz 72 fl oz 96 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 44 oz 66 fl oz 88 fl oz
5 6.1 = 40 fl oz 60 fl oz 80 fl oz
Crop will be killed in treated area.
Avoid drift or spraying tree foliage.
Repeat applications are required for complete control.
Treat bindweed when actively growing.
Apply with AMS fertilizer.
Refer to label for adjuvant use.
A4-6 T4-6 Z1
| | | | | | | | |
BINDWEED, FIELD cont.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Paramount
(quinclorac)
| 0.33 lb DF
(0.25 lb)
| Fallow,
post-harvest or
preplant in spring
prior to seeding
wheat including
durum.
| Bindweed:
Actively growing
and regrowth at
least 4 inches
long.
| Apply with MSO adjuvant at 2 pt/A. AMS at 2.5 lb/A or
UAN at 1 gal/A may also be added to improve control
but do not substitute for MSO.
Apply after harvest but prior to frost. Suggested to use
a 3-year program with 0.33 lb DF/A the first year and
0.17 to 0.33 lb DF/A in following years. May control
foxtails, barnyardgrass, and volunteer flax.
Q2 T1 Y15 Y24 Z1
0.5 lb DF
(0.375 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland.
| Fall: Prior to frost
Bindweed: At least
4 inches long and
actively growing.
| Allow 309 days before grazing and haying.
Use an MSO-type adjuvant at 2 pt/A.
Only suppresses perennial broadleaf weeds.
T1 Z1
| 2,4-D ester
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fallow or
post-harvest, and
CRP.
| Bindweed:
Actively growing
and regrowth 12
inches to bud.
| In CRP, apply only registered brands of 2,4-D.
Cultivate fallow until early July to achieve optimum
growth at time of application.
Spray in late August or September.
Respray in following crop.
Does not provide long term control.
T4-6 T8 Z1
| Dicamba
| 2 to 4 pt
(1 to 2 lb)
| Mid to late fall treatments more effective than summer
treatments. Rotate to wheat, corn, soybean or
sorghum only. Crop injury may occur if the interval
between application and planting is less than 45 days
per pt/A dicamba used, excluding days when ground
is frozen. Surfactant improves consistency of control.
Commercial mixtures with 2,4-D available.
T4-6 T10 Z1
Tordon 22K
(picloram) +
2,4-D
RUP
| 0.5 to 1 pt +
1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
(0.125 to 0.25 +
0.5 to 1 lb)
| Fallow,
post-harvest, CRP,
and pasture.
| Refer to label for crop rotation and preplant interval
recommendations.
Primarily for small grain/fallow rotations.
Y21 Y24 Z1
| Dicamba
| 4 to 16 pt
(2 to 8 lb)
| Patches or
individual plants in
CRP, pastures,
fallow, and
noncropland.
| Apply to foliage and/or soil.
Consult label for grazing restrictions.
Use low rate only in fall and high rates in dense or old
stands. Addition of NIS improves consistency of
control. Q1 T4-5 T10 Y11 Y24 Z1
Tordon 22K
(picloram) +
2,4-D
RUP
| 2 to 4 pt +
1 to 2 pt 4EC/SL
(0.5 to 1 +
0.5 to 1 lb)
| Picloram + 2,4-D is more cost-effective than picloram
alone at higher rates.
Consult reference for grazing restrictions.
T4-5 T15 Y21 Y24 Z1
Paramount +
(quinclorac)
Overdrive
(dicamba &
diflufenzopyr)
| 8 oz DF +
6 oz WDG
(6 oz +
3 oz & 1.2 oz)
| Noncropland.
| Fall:
Bindweed: Prior to
a killing frost. At
least 4 inches of
stem.
| Allow 309 days before haying and grazing.
Use an MSO-type adjuvant at 2 pt/A.
Q2 C10 T1 T10 Z1 | | | | | | | | |
KNAPWEED, DIFFUSE AND SPOTTED AND STARTHISTLE,
YELLOW
Extension Bulletin W-1146, "Know Your Knapweed" provides photos and additional information.
Extension Bulletin W-1222, "Yellow Starthistle Identification and Control" provides photos and information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| 2,4-D amine or
ester
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fallow, post-harvest, CRP,
pasture, and
rangeland.
| Rosette stage is
preferred.
Bud to bloom is
second best.
| Several years of annual treatment are necessary.
Apply only 2,4-D brands registered for CRP. T4-6 T8
| Dicamba
| 2 to 4 pt
(1 to 2 lb)
| Plants are controlled slowly. Surfactant improves
consistency of control. T10
Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 1 to 2 pt
(0.25 to 0.5 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
| Rosette stage
preferred.
Bud to bloom is
second best.
| Consult label for grazing restriction.
Apply up to 2 pt/A broadcast and 4 pt/A for spot
treatment.
T8 T15 Y21
Tordon 22K + RUP
2,4-D amine / ester
| 1 to 2 pt +
1 qt 4EC/SL
(0.25 to 0.5 + 1 lb)
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 6 fl oz
(1.5 oz)
| Rosette stage in
the fall.
| For yellow starthistle only. Do not apply more than 4
oz/A in CRP. Apply with MSO adjuvant at 1 qt/A plus
28% UAN at 1 qt/A. Refer to label. T13 T17
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 3 to 7 oz
(0.75 to 1.75 oz)
| Spring: Rosette to
bolting.
Fall: Rosettes.
| Apply up to 14 oz/A for spot treatment. Use lower
rates for yellow starthistle. Refer to label for grazing
restrictions. T12 Z1
| Clopyralid
| 2/3 to 1 pt
(4 to 6 oz)
| Noncropland and
right-of-way.
| Rosette to bud
stage.
| Apply with NIS. Stinger is labeled for CRP.
Y20
| Glyphosate
| 1.5 to 2.25 lb ae
See Remarks.
| Fallow and
noncropland.
| Bud to bloom
stage - late
summer to early
fall.
| Other vegetation will also be killed. Retreat the
following spring with 2,4-D at 2 to 4 pt/A to control
seedlings and escapes. Refer to label for adjuvant
use. Add AMS fertilizer. A4-6 T4-8 | | | | | | | | |
KNAPWEED, RUSSIAN
Extension Bulletin W-1146, "Know Your Knapweed" provides photos and additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
| Weed
Location
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 3 to 4 pt
(0.75 to 1 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
| Apply following
several hard frosts
(mid-October).
Plants may be
dormant with grey
stems and no
leaves.
Application in mid-September or
during flowering in
mid-summer
provides shorter-term control than
late applications.
| Consult label for grazing restriction. Apply up to 2 pt/A
broadcast and 4 pt/A for spot treatment. T8 T15
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 12 fl oz
(3 oz)
| Apply with MSO adjuvant at 1 qt/A plus 28% UAN at 1
qt/A. Rates above 8 fl oz/A can reduce grass
production. Refer to label. T12 T17
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 4 to 6 oz
(1 to 1.5 oz)
| Spring: Bud to
flowering stage.
Fall: Dormant
plants.
| Apply up to 14 oz/A for spot treatment. Refer to label
for grazing restrictions.
T12 Z1 | | | |
LYTHRUM OR
PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE
Extension Circular W-1132, "Identification and Control of Purple Loosestrife" provides additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Aquamaster
Glypro
Rodeo
(glyphosate)
| 1 to 1.5 gal/100 gal
1.3 to 1.9 fl oz/gal
water of a
4 lb/gal
conc.
(1 to 1.5% conc.)
| Drainage and
aquatic sites.
| July to early
September.
| Use only registered 4 lb ae/gal glyphosate
formulations. Apply with an NIS approved for use in
aquatic sites at 0.75% v/v.
Control seedlings using a
2,4-D formulation labeled for use near water.
Biological control agents have been introduced for
control.
A4-6 A17 T19 X1
Garlon 3A
(triclopyr)
| 1 to 3 gal/100 gal
water
(3 to 9 lb)
| Minimize overspray to open water especially
application along shore of flowing water. Does not
affect cattail or desirable grass species. T19
Habitat
(imazapyr)
| 1 pt
(0.25 lb)
| Plants actively
growing.
| Can be applied only by federal or state agency
personnel trained in aquatic pest control. Will injure
cattail. T19
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 1 pt/100 gal
(0.125% conc.)
| Non-irrigation ditch
banks, wildlife or
natural areas,
seasonally dry
wetlands, including
riparian areas.
| July to early
September.
| Do not apply directly to water. Safe under or near
many tree species. T12.
Milestone VM Plus
(triclopyr &
aminopyralid)
| 1 gal/100 gal
(1% conc.)
| | | Biological Control
| Insects
| Two leaf feeding beetles (Galerucella spp.) have
worked well in the state. Contact your local weed
control officer or state APHIS officer in Bismarck.
T19. | | | | | |
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| Glyphosate
| 0.75 lb ae
| See label.
| See label.
Generally 6 to 12
inches tall
| See label for registered uses, rates for different
formulations, and application information. A4
Maverick
Olympus
| 2/3 oz DF
0.6 to 0.9 oz WDG
| Wheat
| See label for registered uses, rates for different
formulations, and application information. B16-18 Y24
Accent
Steadfast
Resolve
Option
| 2/3 oz DF
3/4 oz DF
1 oz DF
1.75 oz WDG
| Corn.
| See label for application information. adjuvants, use
information, and crop rotation restrictions. MSO
adjuvants give greater control than other adjuvant
types. C3 C12 Y3 Y24
| POST grass
herbicides
| See page 26.
| Labeled broadleaf
crops.
| Apply with oil adjuvant at 1% v/v but not less than 1
pt/A. Oil adjuvant more than 1 qt/A is not needed. D3 | | | | |
SALTCEDAR
Extension Bulletin W-1222, "Saltcedar Identification and Control" provides additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Arsenal
Habitat
Stalker
(imazapyr)
| 1% solution to
foliage or 2 qt/A
aerial applied to
foliage or
12 oz/gal as a cut
stump treatment
immediately after
cutting.
| Wildlife openings
and wildlands.
| August or
September is best
but can be applied
anytime saltcedar
is found. Plants
should have green
leaves (foliar
application).
| Thoroughly wet foliage.
Do not cut down and remove for at least three years
following foliar treatment or regrowth will occur.
Apply with MSO-type adjuvant at 1 qt/A for foliar
application or 0.5 to 1% for backpack sprayer or
0.25% v/v NIS.
Avoid drift and contact with desirable plants.
Do not contaminate surface water.
Garlon 4
(triclopyr)
| 25% v/v +
petroleum oil
(1 qt + 2 qt)
(1 lb)
| Non-cropland as
basal bark or cut
stump.
| Treatment in late
fall or early spring
are most
successful;
otherwise any time
when the bark is
not frozen.
| Do not spray over open water or irrigation ditches.
Complete coverage around the stem or over the cut
stump is required for good control.
Do not allow spray runoff to puddle. | | |
SPURGE, LEAFY
Extension Bulletins W-765, "Leafy Spurge Identification and Control", W-866, "Integrated Management of Leafy
Spurge", and W-1088, "Leafy Spurge - Biology, Ecology and Management" provide additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| 2,4-D amine or
ester
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fallow.
| Leafy spurge:
Actively growing.
| Cultivate or respray whenever regrowth is 4 to 6
inches high. Retreat in next years crop.
T4-5 T8
| Dicamba
| 2 to 4 pt
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fallow or post-harvest.
| Leafy spurge:
Spring: True flower
stage. Fall: 4 to 12
inch regrowth.
| Rotate to wheat, corn, soybean, or sorghum only.
Crop injury may occur when the interval between
application and planting is less than 45 days per pt/A
dicamba used excluding days when ground is frozen.
Surfactant improves consistency of control.
T4 T10 Y11 Y24
Paramount
(quinclorac)
| 0.5 lb DF
(0.375 lb)
| Pasture and
rangeland.
| Fall: Prior to frost
Leafy spurge:
Actively growing.
| Allow 309 days before grazing and haying.
Use an MSO-type adjuvant at 2 pt/A. Provides only
suppression of leafy spurge.
Q2 T4-5 Z1
| 2,4-D amine or
ester
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| CRP, pasture and
rangeland.
| Leafy spurge:
Early bud stage
and fall.
| Apply both spring and fall for satisfactory control.
Do not graze dairy cows for 7 days or beef cows for 3
days after treatment. In CRP, apply only registered
2,4-D brands.
T4-5 T8 T16 Z1
Tordon 22K
(picloram) +
2,4-D ester or
amine
RUP
| 1 to 2 pt +
2 pt 4EC/SL
(0.25 to 0.5 + 1 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland and
roadsides.
| Leafy spurge:
Spring: True flower
stage. Fall: 4 to 12
inch regrowth.
| Tordon + 2,4-D at 1 pt/A + 2 pt/A is the most cost-effective treatment in NDSU data.
Retreatment at the same rate will be necessary for
several years regardless of herbicide or rate.
Annual control was greater and years of retreatment
needed were less with the 2 pt/A Tordon rate.
Fall treatments should use 2 pt/A and apply for 3 to 5
years consecutively .
T4 T15-16 Z1
Tordon 22K +
Plateau +
2,4-D + MSO
adjuvant
(picloram +
imazapic) RUP
| 1 pt +
4 fl oz +
1 qt 4EC/SL + 1 qt
(4 oz + 1 oz +
1 lb)
| Leafy spurge: True
flower growth in
spring.
| Do not apply in fall. Addition of Plateau improves
long-term leafy spurge control. 2,4-D is not required
but does increase spectrum of weeds controlled.
Follow labels of all herbicides used. Apply only in
spring when plants are in true flower. Some grasses
may show temporary stunting.
T5 T13 T15-16 Z1
| Dicamba
| 4 pt
(2 lb)
| Surfactant improves consistency of control. T10
4 to 16 pt
(2 to 8 lb)
| Patches or
individual plants in
CRP, pasture or
noncropland.
| Leafy spurge:
Spring: True flower
stage. Fall: 4 to 12
inch regrowth.
| Consult label for grazing restrictions. NIS improves
consistency of control. Re-treatment necessary.
Q1 Z1
| Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 4 pt
(1 lb)
| Consult narrative for grazing restrictions.
T15 Z1
| Glyphosate
| 0.75 to 1.5 lb ae
See Remarks.
| CRP and trees.
| Leafy spurge:
After July 1 to
actively growing
plants.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.38 ae 0.75 ae 1.125 ae 1.5ae
3 4 = 16 fl oz 32 fl oz 48 fl oz 64 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 12 fl oz 24 fl oz 36 fl oz 48 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 11 fl oz 22 fl oz 32 fl oz 44 fl oz
5 6.1 = 10 fl oz 20 fl oz 30 fl oz 40 fl oz
Glyphosate is non-selective; avoid spraying tree
foliage. Following spring: Retreat with 2,4-D at 2 to 4
pt/A to control seedlings and escapes.
Refer to label for adjuvant use. Add AMS fertilizer.
A4-6 T4 T7 X1
| 2,4-D amine
| 2 to 4 pt 4SL
(1 to 2 lb)
Casoron 4G
Norosac 10G
(dichlobenil)
| 150 to 200 4G
60 to 80 lb 10G
(6 to 8 lb)
| Trees.
| Leafy spurge:
Late Nov. to early
March - before
emergence.
| Season long suppression only.
Must be applied before leafy spurge emerges.
No POST control.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
SPURGE, LEAFY cont.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
| Weed
Location
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Paramount +
(quinclorac)
Overdrive
(dicamba &
diflufenzopyr)
| 8 oz DF +
6 oz WDG
(6 + 3 & 1.2 oz)
| Noncropland.
| Spring: True
flower.
Fall: Prior to frost.
| Allow 309 days before grazing and haying.
Use an MSO-type adjuvant at 2 pt/A.
Provides only suppression of leafy spurge.
C10 Q2
Krenite
(fosamine)
| 12 to 16 pt
(6 to 8 lb)
| Noncropland,
adjacent to water
and trees.
| Spring: True flower
growth stage.
Fall: Early.
| Inconsistent control.
Best control with high humidity and good soil moisture.
Do not contaminate water during application.
Aquamaster
Glypro
Rodeo
(glyphosate)
| 2 pt 4SL
(0.75 lb ae)
| Adjacent to water.
| Mid-July to mid-September.
| Use only registered 4 lb ae/gal glyphosate
formulations. Apply with a NIS approved for use near
water. Subsequent years: Control seedlings with a
2,4-D formulation labeled near water. A4-6 T8
| 2,4-D amine
| 2 to 4 pt 4SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Leafy spurge:
Actively growing.
| Use only 2,4-D formulations labeled for use in or near
water, such Agriliance "AgriSolutions 2,4-D Amine 4",
Nufarm "Weedar 64", UAP "Savage" and "Amine 4
2,4-D", or Van Diest "Navigate".
T4-5 T8
| Glyphosate & 2,4-D
| 54 fl oz 2.4SL
(0.38 & 0.63 lb)
| Noncropland,
pasture, and
fallow.
| Leafy spurge:
Seed set stage or
actively growing in
fall.
| Some grass injury and stunting may occur;
injury is greater with fall than spring treatments.
Not to be used in consecutive years.
A4-6 Q1 T8 Z1
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 8 to 12 fl oz
(2 to 3 oz)
| Pasture, new or
existing grass
plantings in
cropland, CRP or
noncropland.
| Early to mid
September.
| May be used on CRP, pasture, rangeland, industrial
sites, roadside right-of-way or noncropland.
Apply with MSO adjuvant at 1 qt/A plus 28% UAN at 1
qt/A. Rates above 8 fl oz can reduce grass production,
especially cool season species. Safe under most tree
species but will cause temporary yellowing of spruce
candles. See label for additional information.
T13 T18 Z1
| Cultivation
|
| Cropland.
| Leafy spurge: 2 to
4 inches tall.
| Leafy spurge will not survive intensive tillage.
Repeat when plants are 2 to 4 inches tall. T5
| Late fall.
| Cultivate when plants are 3 to 6 inches tall on fallow or
post-harvest in Sept. and again in Oct.
| Biological Control
| Insects and
Grazing
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland and
noncropland.
| See narrative.
| Several insects are available. Sheep and goats can be
used for management of leafy spurge infestations.
See narrative for additional information. T18 | | | | | | | | | |
THISTLE,
CANADA
Extension Bulletin W-799, "Perennial and Biennial Thistle Control" provides photos and additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| Tribenuron
| 0.33 to 0.67 oz DF
0.25 to 0.5 SG
| Wheat, barley and
pasture.
| Thistle: Rosette to
pre-bud stage.
| Apply with 2,4-D ester. Apply with NIS except when
adding 2,4-D ester at 0.75 pt/A.
See narrative for rotational restrictions.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
B22 T2 T6 Y1
Thifensulfuron +
Tribenuron
4:1 ratio (TankMix)
2:1 ratio (H. Extra)
1:1 ratio (BrdSpec)
| 0.3 to 0.4 oz DF
0.4 to 1 oz SP
| MCPA or 2,4-D
amine or ester
| 1.5 pt 4SL
(0.75 lb)
1.33 pt 4EC
(0.66 lb)
| Wheat and barley.
| Crop: Tiller stage.
| Patch spray at higher rates may injure crop but may
provide greater thistle control. Small grains are more
tolerant to MCPA than 2,4-D. Suppression only. T6
| 2,4-D ester or
amine
| 2 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fallow or
post-harvest.
| 12 inches tall and
actively growing.
| Cultivate fallow until early July to achieve rosette
stage at time of application. Spray in late August or
Sept. Retreatment necessary. Suppression only. T2
Z1
3 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1.5 to 2 lb)
| CRP, pasture, and
rangeland or
trees.
| Apply only registered 2,4-D brands in CRP.
Refer to paragraph for livestock grazing restrictions.
Use only amine formulation in trees. Suppression
only.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
T2 T4-6 T8 Z1
Clopyralid &
MCPA
| 1.75 to 2.33 pt
(0.09 to 0.122 &
0.5 to 0.68 lb)
| Wheat, barley, and
CRP.
| Crop: 3-leaf to
jointing.
| Rosette technique: Glyphosate or clopyralid fall-applied to Canada thistle in the rosette stage provides
greater control than when applied to bolting or
flowering stems. Refer to paragraph T2 for control of
Canada thistle using the rosette technique.
See narrative for rotational restrictions.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
B10 T2 T6 T8 Y20 Y24
Clopyralid &
2,4-D
| 2 pt (0.09 & 0.5 lb)
| Crop: 4-leaf
through jointing.
Thistle: Rosette
until prior to bloom.
| 4 pt (0.19 & 1 lb)
| Fallow.
4 to 6 pt
(0.19 to 0.29 &
1 to 1.5 lb)
| CRP and pasture.
Clopyralid
| 0.25 to 0.67 pt
(0.09 to 0.25 lb)
| Sugarbeet, wheat,
barley, oat, corn.
| Thistles: Rosette
to pre-bud stage.
| See narrative for rotational restrictions.
High rates in pasture is expensive but very effective.
B10 M13 T2 Y20 Y24 Z1
0.67 to 1.3 pt
(0.25 to 0.5 lb)
| CRP, pasture and
rangeland.
Hornet
(flumetsulam &
clopyralid)
| 2 to 5 oz WDG
(0.37 to 0.09 &
1 to 2.5 oz)
| Corn.
| Corn: Up to 24
inches tall. Use
drop nozzles on 20
to 24 inch corn.
| Add a NIS at 0.25% v/v or oil adjuvant at 1% v/v.
Refer to label for tank-mix options and crop rotation
restrictions.
C15 T2 Y2 Y20 Y24
| Dicamba
| 0.5 to 1 pt
(0.25 to 0.5 lb)
| Corn: POST up to
5 inches tall.
| Do not apply more than 0.5 pt/A after corn is more
than 5 inches tall. Can be applied 15 days prior to
tasseling. C10 T2 Y11 Y24
Distinct
Overdrive
(dicamba &
diflufenzopyr)
| 6 oz WDG
(3 oz & 1.2 oz)
| Corn, fallow, and
noncropland.
| Corn: 4 to 24
inches tall.
| Distinct is labeled in cropland. Overdrive is labeled in
CRP, pasture, rangeland, and noncropland. Add NIS
at 0.25% v/v + 28% UAN at 1.25 qt/A or AMS at 17
lb/100 gallons. Canada thistle suppression only.
C10 T2 Y11 Y24
Basagran
(bentazon)
| 1 to 2 pt
(0.5 to 1 lb)
| Soybean, dry
bean: Any stage.
Field pea: More
than 3 leaf pairs or
4 nodes.
| Canada thistle: 6
to 8 inches tall.
| Contact herbicide; thorough coverage required. Apply
with oil additive at 1 qt/A in two sequential
applications. Rosette technique: Repeated in-crop
applications control Canada thistle during the growing
season but allow fall rosette growth. Refer to
paragraph T2 for control of Canada thistle using the
rosette technique. D4 F2 T2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
THISTLE, CANADA cont.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
| Weed
Location
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| Glyphosate
| Up to 2.25 lb ae.
See Remarks.
| Patches in corn,
wheat, oat or
soybean.
| Prior to heading or
flowering.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.75 ae 1.5 ae 2.25 ae
3 4 = 32 fl oz 64 fl oz 96 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 24 fl oz 48 fl oz 72 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 22 fl oz 44 fl oz 66 fl oz
5 6.1 = 20 fl oz 40 fl oz 60 fl oz
Rosette technique: Glyphosate or clopyralid fall-applied to Canada thistle in the rosette stage provides
greater control than when applied to bolting or
flowering plants. Refer to paragraph T2 for control of
Canada thistle using the rosette technique.
Refer to label for adjuvant use.
Apply with AMS fertilizer.
Avoid drift to non-target plants.
Crop will be killed in treated area.
A4-6 T2 T4-5 T7 X1
| Refer to label.
| Roundup Ready Corn:
Up to 30 inches tall/6 collars.
Roundup Ready Soybean:
Emergence to 14 day PHI.
Roundup Ready canola: Prior to
bolting.
Up to 2.25 lb ae.
See Remarks.
| Preharvest wheat,
corn, soybean,
field pea, and
lentil.
| Crop seed is
physiologically
mature.
Thistle: At or
beyond bud stage.
| Fallow or post-harvest.
| Canada thistle:
Rosette or beyond
bud stage.
| Wait 3 or more days after application before tillage.
A4-6 T2 T4-5 T7 X1
| CRP, noncropland
and around trees.
| Avoid spraying tree foliage.
A4-6 R1 T2 T4 U1 V1 X1
| Dicamba
| 2 to 4 pt
(1 to 2 lb)
| Fall or post-harvest.
| Thistle: At least 6
inches tall. Most
effective when
thistle is in the
rosette stage.
| Rotate to wheat, corn, soybean, or sorghum only.
Residue may injure sensitive crops the following year.
May be tank-mixed at a lower rate with 2,4-D or
glyphosate to reduce soil residual. NIS improves
consistency of control. C10 T2 T4-6 T10
1 pt
(0.5 lb)
| CRP, pasture and
rangeland.
| Thistle: Rosette to
12 inches tall.
Fall: Mid-summer
mowing promotes
active growth.
| Consult label for grazing restrictions.
NIS improves consistency of control.
Cultivate fallow until early July to achieve rosette
stage at time of application, followed by spray in late
August or September.
Retreatment necessary.
Refer to narrative for additional information.
T2 T10 Z1
4 to 8 pt
(2 to 4 lb)
| Thistle patches in
CRP, pastures,
noncropland, and
fallow.
| Thistle: Rosette to
prebud stage.
Fall: Rosette
following light frost
but prior to a killing
frost.
Transline
(clopyralid)
| 0.67 to 1.3 pt
(0.25 to 0.5 lb)
| Pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
| Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Observe grazing restriction for lactating animals.
T2 T13 T17 Z1
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 5 to 7 fl oz
(1.25 to 1.75 oz)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
| Apply up to 14 oz/A for spot treatment. Use low rate in
fall, in low density stands, or areas with good grass
stands. Fall application is more consistent than spring.
Refer to label for grazing restrictions. Commercial
mixture with 2,4-D available (ForeFront) to broaden
spectrum of weed control. T12 Z1
Redeem
(clopyralid &
triclopyr)
| 2.5 to 4 pt
(0.25 to 0.4 +
0.7 to 1.1 lb)
| Redeem is more cost-effective than Curtail at the
same active ingredient use rate. Apply with NIS.
Observe grazing restriction for lactating animals.
T2 T14 T17 Z1
Cimarron Max
(metsulfuron &
2,4-D + dicamba)
| 1/4 oz DF + 1 pt
(0.15 oz &
0.36 & 0.125 lb)
| Apply with NIS at 0.25 to 0.5% v/v or PO at 1% v.v.
Safe to most grasses but refer to label for NIS rates
for certain grass species.
T2 T11 X1 Y3 Y24 Z1
Tordon 22K
(picloram)
RUP
| 0.5 to 2 pt
(0.125 to 0.5 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland and
fallow.
| Thistle: At least 12
inches tall and
actively growing.
| Retreat at the same rate the following year. Addition of
2,4-D at 1 qt/A with Tordon at 1 pt/A may improve
control. Mid-summer mowing promotes active growth
for fall treatment. Refer to narrative for additional
information. T2 T15 Y24 Z1
4 pt
(1 lb)
| Patches of plants
in CRP and
pasture.
| Thistle: Actively
growing.
| Consult reference for grazing restrictions.
T2 T15 Z1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
THISTLES,
BIENNIAL: BULL, MUSK, AND PLUMELESS
Extension Bulletin W-799, "Perennial and Biennial Thistle Control" provides photos and additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| 2,4-D
| 3 to 4 pt 4EC/SL
(1.5 to 2 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
(Refer to
Remarks and
Paragraphs for
restrictions)
| Late-fall or early
spring when
thistles are in the
seedling to rosette
stage.
Biennial thistles
reproduce only by
seed, so control
prior to flowering
will eventually
eradicate
infestations.
Consult respective
label for grazing
restrictions.
| In CRP, apply only registered 2,4-D brands.
| Dicamba
| 1 to 2 pt
(0.5 to 1 lb)
| Apply with NIS. at 0.25% v/v.
Use high rate for patch treatment.
Overdrive
(dicamba &
diflufenzopyr)
| 6 oz WDG
(3 & 1.2 oz)
| Labeled only in noncropland.
Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
| 2,4,D +
Dicamba
| 2 pt 4EC/SL +
1 to 4 pt
(1 + 0.5 to 2 lb)
| Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Refer to pages 108-109 for commercial mixtures.
Cimarron Max
(metsulfuron &
2,4,D & dicamba
premix)
| 1/4 oz DF + 1 pt
(0.15 oz &
0.36 & 0.125 lb)
| Apply with NIS at 0.25 to 0.5%v/v or PO at 1% v/v.
Refer to label for rate of NIS.
Safe to most grass species.
Transline
(clopyralid)
| 0.33 to 1.33 pt
(0.125 to 0.5 lb)
| Transline is not labeled for use in CRP. Very
effective but more expensive than other treatments.
| Clopyralid & 2,4-D
| 4 to 6 pt
(0.19 to 0.29 &
1 to 1.5 lb)
| See remarks for Redeem below.
Redeem
(clopyralid &
triclopyr)
| 2 to 3 pt
(0.19 to 0.29 &
0.6 to 0.8 lb)
| More cost-effective than clopyralid + 2,4-D at the
same active ingredient rate.
Apply with NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 0.5 to 2 pt
(0.125 to 0.5 lb)
| Use high rate for patch treatment. Apply up to 2 pt/A
broadcast and up to 4 pt/A for spot treatment.
Tordon 22K
(picloram) + 2,4-D
RUP
| 1 + 2 pt 4EC/SL
(0.125 + 1 lb)
| In CRP, apply only registered 2,4-D brands.
| Glyphosate
| Up to 2.25 lb ae
See Remarks.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.75 ae 1.5 ae 2.25 ae
3 4 = 32 fl oz 64 fl oz 96 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 24 fl oz 48 fl oz 72 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 22 fl oz 44 fl oz 66 fl oz
5 6.1 = 20 fl oz 40 fl oz 60 fl oz
Non-selective, non-residual, foliar herbicide.
Refer to label for adjuvant use. Add AMS fertilizer.
A4-6 T2 T4 T6-7
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 3 to 5 oz
(0.75 to 1.25 oz)
|
| Spring: Rosette to
bolting plants.
Fall: Seedlings and
rosette plants.
| Use higher rate on plants in late-bolt to flowering
growth stages. Commercial mixture with 2,4-D
available (ForeFront) to broaden spectrum of weed
control. Refer to label for grazing restrictions. T12 Z1 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOADFLAX, DALMATIAN AND YELLOW
Extension Bulletin W-1239, "Dalmatian and Yellow Toadflax Identification and Control" provides photos and information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 2 to 4 pt
(0.5 to 1 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland, and
noncropland.
| Toadflax: Actively
growing through
full bloom.
| Use maximum rate for yellow toadflax. Apply 2 pt/A for
broadcast and 4 pt/A for spot spray.
Retreat as necessary.
Plateau
(imazapic)
| 12 fl oz
(3 oz)
| After hard frost
when 25% of
foliage is necrotic.
| FOR DALMATIAN TOADFLAX ONLY.
Applications prior to hard frost may result in poor
control.
Apply with MSO-type adjuvant at 1 qt/A.
Retreat as necessary.
Telar
(chlorsulfuron)
| 2 to 3 oz DF
(1.5 to 2.25 oz)
| Pasture and
noncropland.
| PRE to early
POST.
| FOR DALMATIAN TOADFLAX ONLY.
Apply at 25 gpa or more and use NIS at 0.25% v/v.
Retreat as necessary. | | | |
WORMWOOD, ABSINTH
Extension Circular W-838, "Absinth Wormwood Control" provides additional information.
Herbicide
| Product/A
(ai/A)
|
Weeds
|
When to Apply
|
Remarks and Paragraphs
| 2,4-D
| 4 pt 4EC/SL
(2 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland,
noncropland,
trees, fallow, or
post-harvest.
| Apply when plants
are at least 12
inches tall and
actively growing.
Herbicides applied
in late-June to mid-August have given
greater residual
control than fall or
spring
applications.
Plants can be
mowed in early to
mid-summer to
promote active
regrowth prior to
fall treatment.
| In CRP, apply only registered 2,4-D brands. Plants are
controlled slowly. Do not graze dairy cows for 7 days
after treatment. Use amine formulation near trees.
T8 Z1
| Dicamba
| 1 to 2 pt
(0.5 to 1 lb)
| DO NOT apply near trees. Apply with NIS.
Observe grazing restrictions. T10 Y11 Y24 Z1
Clopyralid &
2,4-D
| 2 pt
(0.09 & 0.5 lb)
| Cropland.
| See narrative for rotational restrictions.
Do not apply to new seedings of grass.
Do not cut treated grass for hay within 30 days PHI.
Consult label for grazing restrictions.
B10 Y20 Y24 Z1
4 to 8 pt
(0.19 to 0.38 &
1 to 2 lb)
| CRP, pasture,
rangeland and
noncropland.
Redeem
(clopyralid &
triclopyr)
| 1.5 to 2 pt
(0.14 to 0.188 &
0.42 to 0.56 lb)
| More cost-effective than clopyralid + 2,4-D at the
same ai use rate. Apply with NIS. Observe grazing
restrictions.
T13 Z1
Milestone
(aminopyralid)
| 3 to 5 oz
(0.75 to 1.25 oz)
| Use higher rate when plants are taller than 12 inches.
Commercial mixture with 2,4-D available (ForeFront)
to broaden spectrum of weed control. Refer to label for
grazing restrictions. T12 Z1
Tordon 22K
(picloram) RUP
| 0.5 to 2 pt
(0.125 to 0.25 lb)
| 0.5 pt/A is the most cost-effective. Apply 4 pt/A for
spot treatment. Refer to paragraph for grazing
restriction. Use high rate for dense stands. T15Y24 Z1
| Glyphosate
| Up to 1.125 lb ae.
See Remarks.
| Trees,
noncropland,
fallow or post-harvest.
| lb ae/gal lb ai/gal 0.38 ae 0.57 ae 0.75 ae 1.125ae
3 4 = 16 fl oz 24 fl oz 32 fl oz 48 fl oz
4/4.17 5.4 = 12 fl oz 18 fl oz 24 fl oz 36 fl oz
4.5 5.5 = 11 fl oz 16 fl oz 22 fl oz 32 fl oz
5 6.1 = 10 fl oz 15 fl oz 20 fl oz 30 fl oz
Avoid spraying tree foliage. Apply with AMS fertilizer.
Refer to label for adjuvant use. Use the high rate for
dense stands. A4-6 T7 X1 | | | | | | | | |
Continue to next page
W-253, January 2008
|
