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Understanding Soybean Maturity Rating Numbers
Soybeans respond to day length so the actual calendar date is highly influenced by latitude location. Each variety therefore has a narrow range of north to south adaptation. Soybean yield and quality are affected if a season ending freeze occurs before a variety reaches its physiological maturity. Dates of maturity are listed in the performance tables and indicate when the plants in a variety are observed and estimated to be physiologically mature. Usually harvest will commence approximately 7 to 14 days after the soybeans are physiological mature.
Relative maturity ratings are also provided for many of the varieties entered in the trials at various locations. These ratings consist of a number for the maturity group designation such as: (000, 00, 0 or 1) and followed by a decimal and another number, ranging from 0 to 9, which indicates maturity rankings within each maturity group.
For example the variety Jim is indicated as 00.6, making it a medium maturing variety in the 00 group. Walsh would be a 0.0 making it one of the earliest variety in the 0 group whereas Sargent is a 0.8 making it one of the later varieties in the 0 group.
Values in the tables of public varieties were developed after observing them for a number of years and sites. Relative maturity ratings for private varieties in the tables were provided by their owners and were developed in a similar manner.
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