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Seeding Date and Rate
Early seeding is recommended but should be late enough to avoid damage from spring frost just after emergence. Seeding should occur from May 1 to 15 with seedings later than May 15 usually resulting in lower yields.
Yellow mustard has about 100,000 seeds per pound and is seeded solid with a grain drill at the rate of 10 to 14 pounds per acre. The higher rate should be used on heavy, fertile soils or on soils where emergence could be a problem. Oriental and brown type mustards which have a smaller seed, about 200,000 seed per pound, should be solid seeded at a rate of 6 pounds per acre. A double disk-opener press drill or air seeder can be used to seed mustard but depth control is critical for seed placement. Mustard seeds are small and must be planted shallow (1/2 to 1 1/2 inches deep) in moist soil and a firm seedbed to insure rapid germination and emergence. Soil crusting prior to seedling emergence can cause problems. Do not backharrow. If mustard stands are poor, decisions to replant should be made rapidly.
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