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Foliar Fertilization of Wheat for Protein Content Enhancement
Spring wheat growers receive returns based on bushels and protein content. Research at the Carrington Research and Education Center, and the University of Minnesota Crookston Station show that grain protein content can be enhanced by foliar application of nitrogen fertilizer post-anthesis. Soil N levels at Carrington were just adequate for yields achieved, while the plots at Crookston contained soil N levels in excess of needs. At Carrington, 30 lbs N/acre as a 1/2 water/28% solution increased grain protein about 1%. At Crookston, 30 lbs N/a increased grain protein about 1/2%. In a South Dakota study from 1995-2000, 30 lbs of UAN mixed 1:1 with water increased spring wheat percent protein an average of 1/2% when applied post pollination. Pre-flowering application averaged an 0.3% protein increase. Post pollination application increased protein 70% of the time when the yield goal was exceeded as compared with only 23% when it was not exceeded. The decision to foliar treat with nitrogen should be based on costs of the treatment, protein premiums offered, and considerations of soil N levels, fertilizer applied and anticipated yield goals. Apply liquid fertilizer in a diluted form if possible on wet foliage and in cool temperatures to reduce burning.
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