 |
ProCrop |
Post-Applied
Nitrogen for HRSW, Langdon 2003
Methods
The
ppi fertility treatments were applied May 14 as urea and incorporated by roto-tilling
three inches deep.
Seeding of the variety/seeding rate strips was also on May 14.
A double disk drill was used to seed the Alsen at 95 and 142 lb/a and the
Briggs at 76 and 115 lb/a to equalize seeding rates of pure live seed plant
populations.
The previous crop was flax.
The soil series was a Barnes loam with a soil test of 35N, 17P, 6.3 pH,
4.1 OM, plus 26 lb/a N in the 24-48� soil zone.
Good moisture was present in the seed zone and soil profile at seeding
time.
The three leaf stage fertilizer applications on June 5 received rain the
next day and two inches of rain was received over the next two weeks.
The six leaf fertilizer treatments were applied June 17 in hot dry
conditions.
0.28 inch rain was received on June 21 followed by light rain on four
days totaling 0.62 inch.
The post applied UAN treatments were applied with a tractor mounted CO2
pressurized sprayer using stream bars at 25 psi.
The post applied urea was hand spread on each plot.
Weed control was excellent.
Fungicide applications were made at 5 leaf, early flowering and late
flowering, Stratego 10 oz/a, Folicur 2 oz/a and Folicur 2 oz/a respectively.
Foliar disease control was excellent but low levels of fusarium head
blight were still present.
Fertility plot size was 20� x 10� of which 15� x 4.3�, were
straight combined on Aug. 20.
Summary
Foliage
burn from the stream bar applied UAN (28+0+0) was very low on both dates.
Almost no lodging was present in this experiment.
The only significant interaction between variety, seeding rate and
fertility treatment occurred for percent yellow belly seed.
The percent yellow belly seed was a visual estimate and did not agree
with protein data so is not presented until a good rating of vitreous kernels
can be made.
Alsen had a higher percentage of yellow belly kernels than Briggs but not
on all treatments.
Because
interactions did not occur the data can be averaged over varieties and
fertilizer treatments.
Significant differences between varieties and seeding rate occurred only
for plant stand, harvest moisture and tombstone kernel percent.
The Alsen had higher harvest moisture than Briggs though the heading
dates were the same.
Alsen, grown at Langdon, typically has later maturity compared to other
varieties even without fungicide applications.
The higher tombstone kernel count, though quite low, for Briggs compared
to Alsen would also be typical.
Heads/ft2 for the experiment is fairly high due to cool wet weather
during tillering.
Maturity,
as indicated by harvest H2O and percent yellow or dead flag leaf on Aug 8, was
correlated with yield and protein content.
Yield and protein generally increased with delayed maturity due to
nitrogen treatment.
Data
from the standard urea treatments, PPI applied with no post applied N, indicated
no difference between the 180 and 210 total lbN/a treatments.
Both had an 11 bu/a increase over 90 total lbN/a.
The 90 lbN/a should only have been adequate for 36 bu/a while 62 bu/a was
harvested.
This indicates that either N that did not show in the soil test was
available to the crop or there was a higher N efficiency of the plant this year
when environmental conditions favorable to high yield.
The
treatment with no nitrogen applied until six leaf stage, then 135 lbN/a, was the
only one which had no significant yield increase over applying only 90 lbN/a
total.
This treatment was the only one with obvious leaf chlorosis before the
post N was applied.
When the 135 lbN/a was applied at the 3 leaf stage instead of 6 leaf a
7.5 bu yield increase was observed.
Post applied N needs to be applied before the deficiency symptoms are
visible.
When
comparing the treatments which received 180 total lbN/a, except the one which
received no N until 6 leaf stage, there was no significant difference in yield
between applying part of the N post applied or all of the N ppi in the spring.
Post applied N caused protein levels to be both higher and lower than all
of the N ppi in the spring, depending on individual treatment.
The extended release urea fertilizers had the highest protein levels. The 43+0+0 material which releases N at a slower rate than the 44+0+0 had a significant 6 bu/a yield increase over the 44+0+0 material. These preliminary results indicate another potential method of increasing protein levels so further study is warranted.
|
Post Nitrogen on Wheat, Langdon 2003
Averaged
over 12 Fertility Treatments, No Interactions |
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Yellow |
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Seeding |
|
|
Test |
|
Harvest |
Flag leaf |
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|
Tomb |
||
|
Variety |
Rate |
Stand |
Yield |
Weight |
Protein |
H2O |
8-8 |
Height |
Heads |
stones |
||
|
|
PLS/acre |
Plants/a |
bu/a |
lb/bu |
% |
% |
% |
Inch |
/
ft2 |
% |
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|
Alsen |
1.2
mill |
1.10 |
70.8 |
62.2 |
13.4 |
24.5 |
28.6 |
33.0 |
92.0 |
0.6 |
||
|
Alsen |
1.8
mill |
1.46 |
70.3 |
61.9 |
13.5 |
24.2 |
29.8 |
34.1 |
97.6 |
0.5 |
||
|
Briggs |
1.2
mill |
1.10 |
73.0 |
62.9 |
13.1 |
15.6 |
52.2 |
33.2 |
93.6 |
1.2 |
||
|
Briggs |
1.8
mill |
1.42 |
74.3 |
62.8 |
13.2 |
16.1 |
45.8 |
33.5 |
97.2 |
1.0 |
||
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|
LSD
5% |
0.11 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
5.2 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
0.2 |
||
|
Post Nitrogen on Wheat, Langdon 2003
Averaged
over 2 Varieties and 2 Seeding Rates, No Interactions |
|||||||||||||
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|
Yellow |
|
|
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|
Averaged
over variety and seeding rate |
|
|
Test |
14%
basis |
Harvest |
Flag Leaf |
|
|
Tomb |
||||
|
|
Spring |
Post |
Post |
N
Source |
Yield |
Weight |
Protein |
H2O |
8-8 |
Height |
Heads |
stones |
|
|
Total
N |
PPI
Urea |
3
leaf N |
6
leaf N |
|
bu/a |
Lb/bu |
% |
% |
% |
inch |
/
ft2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER
43+0+0 |
78.0 |
62.2 |
14.7 |
21.5 |
20.0 |
33.9 |
94.1 |
0.7 |
|
|
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
Urea |
76.8 |
62.8 |
14.1 |
23.2 |
21.7 |
34.2 |
97.4 |
0.8 |
|
|
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
Urea |
75.5 |
63.2 |
14.4 |
22.2 |
25.0 |
33.4 |
94.6 |
0.8 |
|
|
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
SB
28+0+0 |
74.5 |
62.8 |
14.0 |
21.4 |
29.2 |
33.4 |
91.3 |
0.9 |
|
|
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
74.1 |
62.1 |
13.6 |
21.3 |
30.0 |
33.2 |
97.8 |
0.8 |
|
|
210 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
73.9 |
62.2 |
13.9 |
20.4 |
37.5 |
34.4 |
95.8 |
0.8 |
|
|
180 |
0 |
135 |
0 |
SB
28+0+0 |
72.0 |
62.1 |
12.4 |
19.5 |
42.5 |
33.5 |
94.3 |
1.0 |
|
|
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER
44+0+0 |
71.6 |
62.4 |
14.7 |
20.4 |
30.8 |
32.9 |
95.0 |
0.7 |
|
|
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
SB
28+0+0 |
71.5 |
61.8 |
12.6 |
19.2 |
46.7 |
33.7 |
94.8 |
0.7 |
|
|
135 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
70.2 |
62.7 |
12.2 |
18.1 |
52.5 |
34.3 |
99.9 |
1.0 |
|
|
180 |
0 |
0 |
135 |
SB
28+0+0 |
64.5 |
62.0 |
12.2 |
17.8 |
55.7 |
32.0 |
94.3 |
0.8 |
|
|
90 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
62.6 |
63.2 |
10.9 |
15.9 |
77.8 |
32.4 |
91.9 |
0.9 |
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LSD
5% |
4.1 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
2.1 |
12.4 |
1.2 |
NA |
0.2 |
|
Bold type indicates not
significantly different from treatment with all N applied ppi, in shaded row.
Total N includes
soil test of 35 lbN/a + 10 lbN/a from 90 lb/a of 11+52 appled ppi
Urea
- 46+0+0 surface applied granules
28+0+0 - UAN
applied with stream bars
ER
44+0+0 - Agrium, Duration AG, extended release urea, about 40% N by 6
leaf and 85% by harvest
ER
43+0+0 - Simplot, Purcel's Polyon- extended release urea, about 30% N by 6 leaf
and 66% by harvest
|
Post Nitrogen on Wheat, Langdon 2003
Variety and Seeding Rate by Fertilizer Treatment |
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|
Yellow |
|
|
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|
|
Seeding |
|
Spring |
Post |
Post |
|
|
Test |
14% basis |
Harvest |
Flag
leaf |
|
|
Tomb |
|
Variety |
Rate |
Total |
PPI Urea |
3 leaf N |
6 leaf N |
Source |
Yield |
Weight |
Protein |
H2O |
8-8 |
Height |
Heads |
stones |
|
|
PLS/acre |
-----------Lb/a
actual N--------- |
|
bu/a |
lb/bu |
% |
% |
% |
inch |
/ ft2 |
% |
|||
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
90 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
60.6 |
63.5 |
11.3 |
18.2 |
76.7 |
33.2 |
86.0 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
135 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
69.5 |
62.6 |
12.0 |
21.6 |
33.3 |
33.5 |
98.3 |
0.7 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
70.2 |
61.4 |
13.5 |
26.6 |
26.7 |
32.9 |
92.3 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
210 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
72.7 |
61.0 |
14.2 |
27.1 |
23.3 |
34.1 |
90.3 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
0 |
135 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
67.0 |
62.0 |
13.0 |
22.7 |
33.3 |
33.1 |
92.0 |
0.4 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
0 |
0 |
135 |
SB 28+0+0 |
60.9 |
63.3 |
12.3 |
20.3 |
40.0 |
31.9 |
93.0 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
75.1 |
62.6 |
13.3 |
24.3 |
26.7 |
32.8 |
90.7 |
0.7 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
SB 28+0+0 |
74.4 |
61.9 |
13.8 |
26.8 |
20.0 |
32.4 |
88.0 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
Urea |
74.6 |
61.7 |
13.9 |
26.9 |
13.3 |
33.1 |
94.3 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
Urea |
76.8 |
61.7 |
14.2 |
27.8 |
16.7 |
32.5 |
96.0 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 43+0+0 |
76.8 |
61.5 |
14.7 |
27.1 |
20.0 |
32.9 |
90.7 |
0.4 |
|
Alsen |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 44+0+0 |
71.2 |
62.6 |
14.8 |
24.1 |
13.3 |
33.1 |
92.0 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
90 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
60.0 |
62.8 |
11.5 |
18.4 |
68.3 |
32.2 |
97.0 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
135 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
71.0 |
62.2 |
12.9 |
21.4 |
40.0 |
33.9 |
104.3 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
74.2 |
61.6 |
13.7 |
25.2 |
20.0 |
34.1 |
98.7 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
210 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
74.5 |
61.8 |
14.4 |
22.9 |
13.3 |
35.3 |
99.7 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
0 |
135 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
70.8 |
62.8 |
12.8 |
22.9 |
36.7 |
33.6 |
95.7 |
0.4 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
0 |
0 |
135 |
SB 28+0+0 |
60.6 |
62.8 |
12.0 |
21.4 |
66.3 |
31.5 |
99.0 |
0.4 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
69.3 |
62.5 |
13.3 |
22.5 |
36.7 |
34.4 |
95.7 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
SB 28+0+0 |
70.6 |
61.4 |
13.9 |
27.4 |
13.3 |
35.4 |
90.3 |
0.6 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
Urea |
70.8 |
60.9 |
14.1 |
29.7 |
16.7 |
35.4 |
102.7 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
Urea |
73.5 |
60.8 |
14.3 |
28.5 |
13.3 |
35.4 |
98.3 |
0.4 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 43+0+0 |
75.9 |
62.0 |
14.3 |
25.5 |
10.0 |
35.4 |
93.3 |
0.5 |
|
Alsen |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 44+0+0 |
72.2 |
61.3 |
14.9 |
23.9 |
23.3 |
32.9 |
96.0 |
0.5 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
90 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
64.8 |
63.3 |
10.2 |
13.2 |
89.7 |
31.9 |
90.3 |
1.2 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
135 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
69.2 |
62.9 |
11.4 |
15.3 |
76.7 |
35.4 |
98.7 |
1.5 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
75.4 |
62.9 |
13.5 |
15.7 |
36.7 |
33.3 |
101.3 |
1.1 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
210 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
78.5 |
63.0 |
13.7 |
15.4 |
63.3 |
33.6 |
100.0 |
1.1 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
0 |
135 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
71.9 |
63.2 |
11.8 |
15.3 |
56.7 |
34.0 |
92.0 |
1.2 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
0 |
0 |
135 |
SB 28+0+0 |
71.6 |
63.4 |
12.4 |
14.4 |
59.7 |
32.9 |
88.0 |
0.9 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
68.2 |
63.1 |
11.6 |
14.4 |
70.0 |
32.7 |
93.0 |
1.7 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
SB 28+0+0 |
74.9 |
62.5 |
14.1 |
15.6 |
43.3 |
32.7 |
93.0 |
1.4 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
Urea |
81.2 |
61.9 |
14.3 |
19.1 |
26.7 |
34.4 |
93.3 |
0.9 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
Urea |
73.3 |
62.7 |
14.6 |
16.0 |
33.3 |
32.5 |
86.3 |
1.1 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 43+0+0 |
77.4 |
62.7 |
15.0 |
16.1 |
26.7 |
33.6 |
91.7 |
1.2 |
|
Briggs |
1.2 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 44+0+0 |
69.6 |
62.9 |
14.2 |
16.7 |
43.3 |
31.9 |
96.0 |
0.9 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
90 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
64.8 |
63.0 |
10.7 |
13.8 |
76.7 |
32.3 |
94.3 |
1.2 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
135 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
71.2 |
62.9 |
12.2 |
14.0 |
60.0 |
34.4 |
98.3 |
1.1 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
76.7 |
62.5 |
13.6 |
17.8 |
36.7 |
32.5 |
99.0 |
1.0 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
210 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
Urea |
70.0 |
62.9 |
13.3 |
16.2 |
50.0 |
34.5 |
93.3 |
1.0 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
0 |
135 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
78.4 |
63.1 |
12.1 |
17.0 |
43.3 |
33.5 |
97.3 |
1.0 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
0 |
0 |
135 |
SB 28+0+0 |
64.9 |
63.2 |
12.1 |
15.1 |
56.7 |
31.5 |
97.0 |
1.1 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
SB 28+0+0 |
73.3 |
62.9 |
12.2 |
15.5 |
53.3 |
35.0 |
99.7 |
0.8 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
SB 28+0+0 |
78.0 |
62.7 |
14.2 |
15.9 |
40.0 |
33.2 |
94.0 |
1.2 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
90 |
0 |
Urea |
80.5 |
62.7 |
13.9 |
17.2 |
30.0 |
33.9 |
99.3 |
0.8 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
45 |
0 |
90 |
Urea |
78.4 |
62.7 |
14.3 |
16.4 |
36.7 |
33.2 |
97.7 |
0.9 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 43+0+0 |
81.9 |
62.5 |
14.8 |
17.5 |
23.3 |
33.7 |
100.7 |
0.7 |
|
Briggs |
1.8 mill |
180 |
135 |
0 |
0 |
ER 44+0+0 |
73.5 |
62.9 |
15.0 |
17.0 |
43.3 |
33.7 |
96.0 |
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LSD 5% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
