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Other Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms
FIRST APPARENT IN YOUNG LEAVES
Iron: New leaves develop light yellow color, first between veins. Later, the entire leaf becomes yellow. Necrosis and dying of tissue is usually absent until advanced stages of deficiency. The problem is restricted to alkaline soils.
Manganese: Chlorosis appears first between leaf veins of new leaves and then spreads to older leaves. Veins remain green even in advanced stages of deficiency. Chlorotic areas become brown or transparent, and ultimately marked necrosis of affected tissue occurs. Deficiency more general on alkaline soils.
FIRST APPEAR ON OLD LEAVES
Potassium: First indication of deficiency is ashen gray-green leaves at the base of plants. Leaves develop a bronze and yellowish-brown color, leaf margin becomes brown, specks develop along leaf veins and tissue deteriorates and dies. Roots are poorly developed and brown.
Magnesium: Chlorosis first appears between veins of old leaves while veins remain green. Leaf becomes brittle and its margins curl upward. Chlorotic areas turn brown and die in advanced stages. Occurs most frequently on acid soils.
Molybdenum: Distinctive mottling occurs in older leaves with veins remaining light green. New leaves are green at first but become mottled upon expansion. As deficiency is prolonged, puffing of chlorotic areas occurs and leaves curl inward, with necrosis along leaf tips and margins.
APPARENT ON GROWING TISSUE
Calcium: Stems become thick and woody with vegetative growth retarded. Root tips die with formation of small bulb-like enlargements on remaining tips. New leaves become chlorotic while old leaves remain green. New growth lacks turgidity.
Boron: New bud leaves and petioles become light in color, brittle, and often deformed in shape. Internodes short with rosetting pronounced at shoot terminals. In advanced stages, terminal buds die.
NON-LOCALIZED SYMPTOMS
Copper: Leaves lack turgidity and exhibit a chlorotic condition as if bleached. Growth of plant greatly retarded. Most prevalent on peats and mucks.
Sulfur: Lower leaves become thick, firm and develop a yellowish-green color. Stems are hard, woody and are abnormally elongated and spindly.
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