2005 Preemergence Weed Control in Onion
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<div class=Section1>
<h1><a name="_Toc121285511"></a><span class=SpellE><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc121285511'>Preemergence</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc121285511'>
Weed Control in Onion, 2005</span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal>Carrie Schumacher, <span class=SpellE>Harlene</span> <span
class=SpellE>Hatterman-Valenti</span> and Paul Hendrickson</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
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class=SpellE><span class=GramE>ield</span></span> research was conducted in
2005 to compare early weed control with <span class=SpellE>bromoxynil</span>,
DCPA, <span class=SpellE>dimethenamid</span>-P and <span class=SpellE>pendimethalin</span>
(aqueous capsule formulation) in onion (<span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'>Allium</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span
class=SpellE>cepa</span> </i>L.) and to evaluate the injury caused by these
herbicides on onion. </p>
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<p class=MsoNormal>The study was conducted at the <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Carrington</st1:PlaceName>
<st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Research</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Extension</st1:PlaceName>
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Center</st1:PlaceType>, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Carrington</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">ND</st1:State></st1:place>.
The soil was a Heimdal-<span class=SpellE>Emerick/Fram-Wyard</span> loam with
2.9% organic matter and <span class=GramE>7.9 pH, with soybean as the previous
crop</span>. Onion variety �Teton� pelleted seed was planted on May 3 using a <span
class=SpellE>Stanhay</span> four double-row planter unit, with 4-inch paired
rows and 14 inches between main rows. Herbicides were applied at a low, medium
and high rate, starting with the middle labeled rate and increasing and
decreasing the middle rate by half. Treatments were applied immediately after
planting, except <span class=SpellE>bromoxynil</span>, which was applied 10
days after planting. Herbicides were applied with a CO<sub>2</sub>-pressurized
backpack sprayer delivering 20 gal/A to 6 foot wide and 20 foot long plots
arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments
were evaluated for weed coverage and control and onion height and injury at one
and three weeks after application. At the fifth-leaf stage, a standard
application of 0.375 lb. <span class=SpellE>ai</span>/A <span class=SpellE>bromoxynil</span>
and 0.125 lb. <span class=SpellE>ai</span>/A <span class=SpellE>oxyfluorfen</span>
was made to all treatments except checks at a volume of 50 gal/A. An
application of <span class=SpellE>pendimethalin</span> at a rate of 0.62 lb. <span
class=SpellE>ai</span>/A at a volume of 20 gal/A was also made after the fifth-leaf
stage as a final late-season weed control measure. A final weed control
evaluation was made one week before harvest. On September 22, 10 feet of the
middle two rows of each plot were harvested for grade and yield analysis. After
harvest, onions were allowed to cure and then were graded. Split, diseased and
double bulbs were graded as culls, regardless of diameter.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>Dimethenamid</span>-P applied at the high
rate reduced plant stand and plant height. <span class=GramE>Treatment eight
reduced height at four weeks after treatment, but at the end of the season
differences in height were</span> not significant. At the end of the season
DCPA at the low rate and <span class=SpellE>bromoxynil</span> at all rate had
the highest weed density. However, all the plots were virtually weed free
throughout the growing season. There were significant differences among
treatments for cull, small and large grades and total yield. <span
class=SpellE>Pendimethalin</span> and <span class=SpellE>dimethenamid</span>�P
at the middle and high rates resulted in yields similar to DCPA. Treatments 4,
6, 8 and 11 had the highest total yield with greater than 750 cwt/A. <span
style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
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