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2005 Soybean Hulls in Receiving Diets: The Value of Digestible Fiber

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<div class=Section1>

<h1><a name="_Toc121285517">Soybean Hulls in Receiving Diets: The Value of
Digestible Fiber</a></h1>

<p class=MsoNormal>Vern Anderson and Jon <span class=SpellE>Schoonmaker</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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</span></b>

<div class=Section2>

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src="Soybean%20Hulls%20in%20Receiving%20Diets_files/image001.gif" align=left
hspace=12 alt="Text Box: I" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"><![endif]><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>ntroduction</b></span></span><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><o:p></o:p></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>Soyhulls are a co-product of oil extraction from the
soybean.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>The laboratory analysis of
soyhulls indicates it is high in fiber; however, the highly digestible fiber is
useful to ruminants.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>High dietary levels
of cereal grains, which are high in starch, can decrease forage digestibility.
Soybean hulls offer an alternative to high-starch grains, as they contain
significant levels of digestible fiber and in many growing diets, can be used
as an energy source with similar value to grains.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>The objective of this trial was to determine
the optimum level of soyhull inclusion needed to maximize cattle performance in
receiving diets for weaned calves.</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Procedure<o:p></o:p></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>One hundred-sixty crossbred steers from 40 different ranches
in North Dakota (initial wt. 635.2 � 3.3 lbs.) were allotted by weight and
source to one of four receiving diets (4 pens per treatment, 10 head per pen)
to determine the optimum level of soyhulls to maximize cattle performance.
Diets were formulated to contain 0, 15, 30, and 45% soyhulls, replacing corn in
the 70% concentrate receiving diets. The remainder of the diet consisted of
field peas, corn silage, vitamin and mineral supplement with <span
class=SpellE>Rumensin</span>� and triticale hay. Crude protein concentrations
of the diets were 13.3%. Experimental diets were fed for 42 days, after which
cattle were placed on a common finishing diet.</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Results<o:p></o:p></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>Overall, animal performance during the 42-day receiving
period was very satisfactory.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>Calf
weight, dry matter intake, and feed efficiency did not differ (P&gt;.21) among
treatments at any time during the trial.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>�
</span>Average daily gains were greater for the 0%, 15%, and 45% soyhulls diet
during period 1 than the 30% diet (P&lt;.10).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>�
</span>Period 2 gains favored the 0%, 15%, and 30% diets (P&lt;.01) with a
linear decrease in gain with increasing soyhulls level.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>Overall, gains were similar for the 0% and
15% diet but the 30% diet was not different from the 0% (P&lt;.05).<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>Steers gained 4.13, 4.33, 3.96, and 3.76 lbs.
per day for 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% soyhulls diet, respectively.</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Discussion<o:p></o:p></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>Soybean hulls offer an alternative to high-starch
supplements in receiving and growing diets. Results from this study indicate
that using soyhulls as a concentrate component in receiving diets was most
effective at the 15 to 30% level.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>� </span>Any
potential negative effects associated with corn in a receiving or growing diet
may have been reduced by the addition of soyhulls. Soyhulls may have provided
the rumen with more digestible fiber and supply more degradable protein
compared to corn. At 70% concentrate, it may also be possible that the forage
concentration of the diet was not high enough to elicit a negative associative
effect. <span style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:
Wingdings'><span style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings'>n</span></span></p>

</div>

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